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Tē 5 chōa: == Chèng-sek ê tēng-gī == Thé sī chi̍t-ê ū [[sêng-hoat tan-ūi-ôan]] ê [[kau-ōaⁿ-khôan]] (''F'', +, ×), jî-chhiáⁿ * sêng-hoat tan-ūi-ôan ''1'' kap ka-hoat tan-ūi-ôan ''0'' sī bô-kâng ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ, * chún-kóng a∈''a''∈''F'', a m̄-sī ka-hoat-tan-ūi-ôan, lán tiāⁿ-tio̍h ōe-tàng tī ''F'' nih chhōe-tio̍h chi̍t-ê ''b'', hō͘ ''a''×''b''=1, iah-tio̍h-sī kóng ''a'' ū seng-hoat ge̍k-ôan. == Thé ê tû-hoat == Chiàu thé ê tēng-gī, ''F'' ê ~~2-ê~~ jīm-hô 1-ê seng-oân ''a'' kap m̄-sī ka-hoat tan-ūi-oân ê ''b'' ōe-tàng the̍h-lâi tû, tû liáu-āu ōe tit-tio̍h 1-ê [[siong]]. Siōng ê tēng-gī sī :::<math>\frac ab = </math>b<sup>-1</sup>×a Chit-ê ''b''<sup>-1</sup> sī ''b'' ê sêng-hoat ge̍k-oân. Tû-hoat bô kau-oāⁿ hoat-chek mā bô kiat-ha̍p hoat-chek. I tùi ka-hoat ū hiòng chiaⁿ-chhiú-pêng ê [[hun-phòe hoat-chek]], tio̍h-sī Tē 18 chōa: == Lē == # [[Hok-cha̍p-sò͘ ]] <math> \mathbb C</math> kap it-poaⁿ teh ēng ê ka-hoat kap seng-hoat. I koh ū kúi-nā-ê pō͘-hūn-thé, chhin-chhiūⁿ [[iú-lí-sò͘]] kap [[sı̍t-sò͘]]. # [[Galois thé]] sī ū chīn-pōng ê thé, tī sò͘-lūn, tiān-ló-kho-ha̍k kap chu-sìn kang-thêng sī chin tiōng-iàu ê mi̍h-kiāⁿ. ~~# [[Galois thé]]~~ == Sèng-chit ==

"Thé (sò͘-ha̍k)" pán-pún chi-kan bô-kāng--ê tē-hng