"Thó-lūn:Si̍t-bu̍t pēⁿ-lí-ha̍k" pán-pún chi-kan bô-kāng--ê tē-hng

'''植物病理學Plant pathology''' ( '''phytopathology''') 是研究[[Si̍t-bu̍t|植物]]因[[病原]](傳染生物)猶是環境狀況(生理因素)產生兮[[Pīⁿ|病害]]兮學科。<ref>{{Cite<cite class="citation book}}">Agrios, George N. (1972). </cite></ref> 會使造成傳染病害兮生物包括[[Chin-khún|真菌]]、[[卵菌]]、[[Sè-khún|細菌]]、[[Pēⁿ-to̍k|病毒]]、類病毒、類病毒生物、植物菌質體、[[原生動物]]、[[線蟲]]佮[[寄生植物]]。無包括外寄生物像[[Khun-thiông|昆蟲]]、[[蟎]]、[[Chek-chui tōng-bu̍t|脊椎動物]]抑是其他會食植物組織來影響植物健康兮害物。 植物病理嘛包含研究病原鑑定、病因、病害史、經濟影響、[[植物病害流行病學]]、[[植病抗性]]、植物病害對人佮動物兮影響、病害系統基因學、植物病害管理。

植病兮控制對食物生產是可靠關鍵，而且會使減少對土地、水、能源佮其他成本 。 Plants植物佇自然中佮栽培兮族群有生性兮抗病性，毋過有一寡非常嚴重兮植物病害兮例 (參見see [[Éire Tāi Ki-hng|愛爾蘭大饑荒]]、板栗疫病)，仝款定著嚴重兮植物病害 (參見稻熱病、 大豆包囊線蟲、 柑桔潰瘍病)。然者，病害兮控制對大部分作物是合理成功兮 Disease。病害控制 control is achieved by use of plants that have been bred for good resistance to many diseases, and by plant cultivation approaches such as crop rotation, use of pathogen-free seed, appropriate planting date and plant density, control of field moisture, and兮實現是經由抗病育種、栽培處理親像 轉作、使用無毒栽種、適當季節佮密度、控制田園濕度、佮澍[[Lông-io̍h|pesticide害物藥劑]] use. Across large regions and many crop species, it is estimated that diseases typically reduce plant yields by 。若大面積栽種，估病害佇較好環境設施一般逐年造成10% every year in more developed settings, but yield loss to diseases often exceeds 損失，佇較鄙環境設施定會超過20%損失。植物病理學有發展兮需要來提升病害控制，佮綴牢因為病原佮植物兮共演化、湠開、佮農業操作兮改變造成兮病害壓力改變。植物病害佇全世界對農民造成主要損失。聯合國糧食佮農業組織估實際上害物佮病害佇收成損失佔必25%。為著必解決即个問題，須要新兮方法來良早偵察著病害佮害物，像講心適兮感應器來偵測氣味、佮利用光譜學佮生物光子學來判斷植物健康佮新陳代謝。<ref><cite inclass="citation less developedjournal">Martinelli, settingsF., ContinuingScalenghe, advancesR., in theDavino, scienceS., of plantPanno, pathologyS., are neededScuderi, toG., improve diseaseRuisi, controlP., and toVilla, keepP., up withStroppiana, changesD., in diseaseBoschetti, pressure caused by the ongoing evolution and movement of plant pathogens and by changes in agricultural practicesM., Plant diseasesGoulart, causeL.R., major economicDavis, losses for farmers worldwideC. The Food and Agriculture Organization estimates indeed that pests and diseases are responsible for about 25% of crop lossE. To solve this issue, new methods are needed to detect diseases and pests earlyDandekar, suchA.M. as(2014). novel sensors that detect plant odours and spectroscopy and biophotonics that are able to diagnostic plant health and metabolism.<ref/cite>{{Cite journal}}</ref>