2009-nî 8-goe̍h 1-ji̍t (pài-la̍k) 05:23 ê siu-tēng-pún siu-kái MelancholieBot（thó-lūn \| kòng-hiàn） Ke-khì-lâng 8,048筆編輯 ~ roboto aldono de: kl:Økologi ← Chìn-chêng kái--ê		2009-nî 8-goe̍h 1-ji̍t (pài-la̍k) 12:48 ê siu-tēng-pún siu-kái chhú-siau Xqbot（thó-lūn \| kòng-hiàn） 32,762筆編輯 ~ robot Adding: lv:Ekoloģija; cosmetic changes Sin kái--ê →
Tē 1 chōa: [[~~image~~File:ErnstHaeckel.jpg\|thumb\|256px\|[[Ernst Haeckel]] tī 1886 hoat-bêng [[seng-thài-ha̍k]] ([[Tek-gí]]: ''Ökologie'') chit ê gí-sû.]] '''Seng-thài-ha̍k''' sī leh gián-kiù [[seng-thài-hē]] (ecosystem) ê [[kho-ha̍k]], khiā kóng [[oa̍h-mi̍h]] kap i khiā-khí ê chū-jiân khoân-kéng chái-iūⁿ [[hō͘-tōng]] (interaction). Khoân-kéng pau-hâm khiā toà kāng 1 ê seng-thài-hē, ū sìⁿ-miā ê chióng chióng oa̍h-mi̍h kap [[bô-sìⁿ-miā]] (abiotic) ê [[pha̍k-ji̍t]] (insolation), [[khì-haū]], [[tē-chit]], .... Tē 59 chōa: [[lmo:Eculugía]] [[lt:Ekologija]] [[lv:Ekoloģija]] [[mg:Ekolojia]] [[mi:Mātauranga taupuhi kaiao]]

"Seng-thài-ha̍k" pán-pún chi-kan bô-kāng--ê tē-hng