Khong-kan chit-ê sû, tī koh-iūⁿ ê léng-he̍k lāi-té, ū bô-kâng ê ì-sù.

Bu̍t-lí-tek khong-kan sèng-chit siu-kái

Ēng bu̍t-lí lâi kóng, khong-kan ū 2-khoán tia̍t-sèng: choa̍t-tùi ê khong-kan kap siong-tùi ê khong-kan.

Choa̍t-tùi ê khong-kan sī Eng-kok ê bu̍t-lí ha̍k-chiá Newton the̍h-chhut--ê, I chú-tiuⁿ khong-kan sī sio-liân-soà--ê, chiâu-ûn--ê, bô-chè-hān--ê, khong-kan chiâⁿ-chò pau-koat chū-jiân-te̍k, keng-chè-te̍k kap siā-hoē-te̍k bān-hāng-mi̍h iông-khì ê lō·-iōng.

Tī Newton tùi khong-kan ê soat-bêng lāi-té, ū khan-sia̍p-tio̍h tiong-sè-kí ê chong-kàu koan-liām, tì-sú ū lâng kā hoán-tùi.

In-ūi án-ne, Tek-kok ê ha̍k-chiá Leibniz choaⁿ-á chú-tiuⁿ siong-tùi ê kong-kan koan-liām. I jīn-ûi khong-kan sī ta̍k-hāng mi̍h hō·-siōng-chi-kan ê koan-hē, chit-khoán koan-hē, ē-ēng-tit thàu-koè kí-hô-ha̍k iú-tiâu-iú-toāⁿ lâi poé-hoē. Iā-chiū-sī kóng, khong-kan ê sèng-chit, sī tī mi̍h-kiāⁿ kap mi̍h-kiāⁿ tiong-kan sio-lī ū goā-hn̄g lâi piáu-hiān.

Newton kap Leibniz chit-2 phài, ū-bat oan kah chin kek-ka, liáu-aū, Einstein the̍h-chhut siong-tùi-lūn, koh ka-siōng ú-tiū kho-ha̍k ê hoat-tián, chhut-hiān khong-kan sī ú-tiū toā-phek-le̍k lâi sán-seng ê kheh-koan chûn-chāi ê khoàⁿ-hoat.

Chit-khoán chú-tiuⁿ, sī kā choa̍t-tùi ê khong-kan kap siong-tùi ê khong-kan tòng-chò chit-ê kheh-koan chûn-chāi ê 2-chióng sèng-chit, goân-té tùi-ngó͘-chhiong ê 2-khoán chú-tiuⁿ choaⁿ-á án-ne hông chò-hoé chiap-siū.

Sò·-ha̍k ê khong-kan siu-kái

  Chit pha iáu-bōe ū lâng siá. Chhiáⁿ tàu pó͘-chhiong lōe-iông.

Bu̍t-lí ê khong-kan siu-kái

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Tē-lí-ha̍k ê khong-kan siu-kái

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