Tâi-oân-kâu
Tâi-oân-kâu（Ha̍k-miâ：Macaca cyclopis），koh kiò-chò O͘-ki-kâu '，sī Kū-sè-kài-kâu Mî-kâu-sio̍k ê bu̍t-chéng, hun-pò͘ tī Tâi-oân pún-tó, sī tiāⁿ-tiāⁿkhòaⁿ-tio̍h ê Tâi-oân te̍k-iú-chéng, iā sī tó-siōn tû-liáu Tì-lâng í-gōa ê goân-seng Lêng-tióng-lūi, kap A-chiu lâm-pō͘ ê phó͘-thong mî-kâu, í-kip Ji̍t-pún ê Ji̍t-pún-kâu ū kīn-chhin koan-hē [3]。
| Formosan rock macaque[1] | |
|---|---|
| |
| Tâi-pak Tōng-bu̍t-hn̂g ê Tâi-oân-kâu | |
Kho-ha̍k hun-lūi 
| |
| Kài: | Animalia |
| Mn̂g: | Chordata |
| Kong: | Mammalia |
| Bo̍k: | Primates |
| A-bo̍k: | Haplorhini |
| Infraorder: | Simiiformes |
| Kho: | Cercopithecidae |
| Sio̍k: | Macaca |
| Chéng: | M. cyclopis
|
| Ha̍k-miâ | |
| Macaca cyclopis (R. Swinhoe, 1862) | |
| |
| Formosan rock macaque range (blue — native, red — introduced) | |
Hun-pò͘ siu-kái
Tâi-oân ê goân-seng-chéng [4], hun-pò͘ tī ùi hái-pêng-bīn kàu hái-poa̍t saⁿ-chheng kong-chhioh i-hā ê tē-khu. Tī Ji̍t-pún sī gōa-lâi-chéng, hun-pō͘ tī I-tāu Tōa-tó（I-tāu Kûn-tó）, Tāi-kin-tó（Chēng-kong-koān Lâm I-tāu-teng）, Hô-ko-soaⁿ-koān pak-pō͘. Ùi 1940 nî khi-thâu lio̍k-lio̍k-sio̍k-sio̍k ùi tōng-bu̍t-hn̂g téng koan-kong siat-si tô-thoat, piàn-chó Ji̍t-pún ê gōa-lâi-chéng.
Te̍k-teng siu-kái
Tâi-oân-kâu ê thâu-chêng kha pí āu-kha té, ta̍k ki kha ū gō͘ ki chéng-thâu-á. Thâu îⁿ, bīn píⁿ-píⁿ, thâu-hia̍h kng-khu̍t-khu̍t, bīn sī chhián-chí-sek, ū-ê khah chhim, ú-ê khah chhián, kò-pia̍t bô-kâng ū chha-īⁿ, só͘-í Tâi-oân Goân-chū-bîn kā in hun-chò pe̍h-bīn kap âng-bīn, chhùi-poe ū siⁿ chho͘-chho͘ ê tn̂g chhùi-chhiu, bóe-liu chho͘-chho͘ mn̂g chē-chē, kui-sin-khu mn̂g kāu koh nńg, tang-kùi piàn ka-pi-hoe-sek, hā-kùi piàn ka-pi-le̍k-sek, sì ki kha khah o͘, só͘-í koh kiò-chò O͘-ki-oân. Kha-chhng toing-kan ū bêng-hián ê khī-á-sek ê tōa-tè pan. It-poaⁿ lâi kóng, kâu-bó thé-hêng pí kâu-kang khah sè-chiah, sek-chúi iā khah chhián.
Miâ-chheng siu-kái
Chéng sió-miâ “cyclopis” lâi-goân sī Hi-liap sîn-ōe ê To̍k-gán-kū-lâng. To̍k-gán-kū-lâng Eng-bûn sī “Cyclops”（Hi-lia̍p-bûn：Κύκλωψ；ho̍k-sò͘：Κύκλωπες）, gí-ì sī îⁿ ba̍k-chiu [5]
Si̍p-sèng siu-kái
Tâi-oân-kâu sio̍k-tī ji̍t-hêng-sèng oa̍h-tōng kap kûn-thé seng-oa̍h ê tōng-bu̍t. Hun-pò͘ tē-khu piàn-ki̍p 3000 kong-chhiohi-hā ê kē kàu ko hái-poa̍t, pí-jū: Ko-hiông-chhī Kó͘-san-khu ê Siū-san Kok-ka Chū-jiân Kong-hn̂g, Tâi-lâm-chhī Lâm-hòa-khu ê O͘-soaⁿ hong-kéng-khu. Lēng-gōa tī Chiong-hòa-koān Jī-chúi-hiong siat ū Jī-chúi Tâi-oân-kâu Seng-thài Kàu-io̍k-koán（Goân-miâ “Jī-chúi Mî-kâu Chū-jiân pó-hō͘-khu）. Lēng-gōa, tī Sin-pak-chhī U-lai-khu, Hêng-chhun-tìn Khún-teng ū Tâi-oân-kâu tī hit-ê khu-he̍k kòe-mêⁿ
Kin-kì kì-lio̍k, Tâi-oân-kâu si̍t-iōng ê si̍t-bu̍t pau-hâm1 85 kho 300 chióng, í koe-chí ûi-chú, kî-thaⁿ koh-ū thâng-thōa, Kah-khak-lūi kap Nńg-thé tōng-bu̍t téng. Tùi si̍t-iōng si̍t-bu̍t ê pō͘-ūi, ē in-ūi kùi-chiat goe̍h-hūn kap ta-sip kùi-chiat piàn-hòa iú-só͘ bô-kâng, í cha̍p kàu gō͘-cha̍p chiah chò chi̍t-kûn.
Tâi-oân-kâu sui-bóng sī pó-io̍k-lūi tōng-bu̍t, goân-lâi ê thian-te̍k sī Tâi-oân chiuⁿ-pà kap tōa-hêng béng-khîm, m̄-koh Tâi-oân chiuⁿ-pà chá tō í-keng choa̍t-jiah, tōa-hêng béng-khîm iā chiām-chiām-á kiám-chió, ka-siōng Tâi-oân-kâu sek-èng-le̍k kiông, tī li̍p-hoat pó-io̍k chi-hā cho̍k-kûn sò͘-liōng tōa-tōa hôe-seng, tī Ko-hiông, Pîn-tong téng tē-khu ê Tâi-oân-kâu, in-ūi chhe-tē kap lîn-lūi sio-chiap, m̄-kiaⁿ lâng, tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ hoat-seng chhiúⁿ-toat iû-kheh chia̍h-mi̍h, ji̍p-chhim bîn-chiòng chhù-the̍h chhú-si̍t, í-kip phò-hoāi long-chok-bu̍t téng sū-kiāⁿ, chō-sêng ku-bîn kap iû-kheh ê khùn-jiáu. In-ūi siū-tio̍h kui-lūi choh pó-io̍k-lūi tōng-bu̍t, bo̍k-chêng bî-ū thóng-it koh ū-hāu ê kai-koat hong-àn.
Lîn-lūi tī khiā-khí ê hoān-ûi eng-kai pī-bián kā chia̍h-mi̍h lō͘-hiān tī gōa-kháu, tō ē-tàng pī-bián jîn kâu chhiong-tu̍t. Chóng-sī chia̍h-mi̍h lō͘-hiān-hiān hông chhiúⁿ--khì ê sū-kiāⁿ ti̍t-ti̍t hoat-seng, chek-oàn-ná-chhim, tì-kàu lîn-lūi sú-iōng to̍k-jī, peh-soaⁿ koái-á, chhiū-ni-keng-á, lia̍h-iá-siù-khì téng hiong-khì tì-sú Tâi-oân-kâu sí-siong sū-kiāⁿ hoat-seng. Bo̍k-chiân tī Ko-hiông Chhâ-soaⁿ iu-goân thang khòaⁿ-tio̍h chhiū-leng keng-á kap BB chhèng téng ap-chè kâu-á ê khì-kū, í-ki̍p sú-iōng ê bîn-chiòng. 2015 nî 11 goe̍h, kan-ta nn̄g lé-pài chi-kan tī Ko-hiông tē-khu tō ū cha̍p gōa chiah sí-siong ê Tâi-oân-kâu, lóng ū bêng-hián ê gōa-siong.
2014 nî Hêng-chèng-īⁿ Lông-úi-hōe kin-kì "Iá-seng Tōng-bu̍t Pó-io̍k-hoat" tē 21 tiâu ê kín-kip tiâu-khoán lāi-iông, jīn-ûi te̍k-tēng chōng-hóng hā la̍h-sat Tâi-oân-kâu ū hoat-lu̍t chèng-tong-sèng; chóng--sī, chit-ê tiâu-khoán ê sek-iōng, kan-ta hān-tēng tī lông-bîn ê sìⁿ-miā châi-sán siū-tio̍h kín-kip ui-hia̍p ê chōng-hóng chi-hā, chú-tiuⁿ "chèng-tong hông-ōe" la̍h-sat iá-seng tōng-bu̍t, í pó-chiong sìⁿ-miā, châi-sán choh-bu̍t an-choân. M̄-koh chim-chiok hoat-lu̍t pó-hō͘ lī-ek kap iá-seng tōng-bu̍t pó-io̍k, i hān-tēng iōng "jîn-tō hong-sek" lâi chhú-lí, tī siōng té ê sî-kan lāi hō͘ thòng-khó͘ kiám kàu siōng khin.
Pó-io̍k Hiān-hóng siu-kái
Í-keng kong-kò tû-miâ chèng-sek lî-khui pó-io̍k-lūi miâ-lio̍k, tiâu-chéng chiâⁿ-chò it-poaⁿ-lūi iá-seng tōng-bu̍t, iû-goân bōe-tàng sûi-ì iúⁿ-chhī.
Chi̍t-pēⁿ siu-kái
Bí-kok Si̍t-phín Io̍h-phín Kàm-tok Koán-lí-kio̍k（Food and Drug Administration) tī 2013 nî 8 goe̍h hoat-piáu Tâi-oân-kâu ū "Kâu-pho pīⁿ-to̍k"（Simian Foamy Virus, SFVmcy-2）, sī hoán choán-lio̍kpīⁿ-to̍k（retrovirus）ê chi̍t chióng.[6] Tâi-oân-kâu iā ū tē sì lūi hoat-tēng thoân-jiám-pīⁿ "Phā-chín B pīⁿ-to̍k"（Herpes B virus, chèng-sek ha̍k-miâ Cercopithecine herpesvirus 1(CHV-1), Kâu Phā-chín pīⁿ-to̍k）, Gio̍k-san Thah-thah-ka thâu chi̍t ê kâu-kûn chú-tōng kong-kek, liàu ia̍h-sī kā siong 10 ê iû-kheh. Phā-chín B pīⁿ-to̍k sī chi̍t chióng ē chō-sêng tiong-chhu-sîn-keng-hē-thóng che̍k-pīⁿ ê lâng kap cheng-siⁿ kiōng-thong thoân-jiám-pīⁿ, chú-iàu sī thàu-kòe hoān-tio̍h Kâu-phā-chín ê kâu-á jiàu ia̍h-sī kā siong lâi kám-jiám, lâng nā-sī hō͘ jiám--tio̍h ê kâu-á jiàu ia̍h-sī kā siong, thong-siông tī 3 kang kàu 3 lé-pài ê àm-ho̍k-kî liáu-āu, ē chhut-hiān kip-sèng hoat-sio, thâu-thiàⁿ, chúi-phā pīⁿ-chàu, lîm-pa-sèng náu-liông-kut-chhóe-e̍k lāi sè-pau cheng-ka kap bô kāng hêng-thài ê sîn-keng chèng-chōng téng. Jîn-lūi hán-kiàn phā-chín B pīⁿ-to̍k kám-jiám kò-àn, bo̍k-chiân choân-kiû kan-ta ū 40 miâ pò-kò pīⁿ-lē. Phā-chín B pīⁿ-to̍k it-tàn kám-jiám hoat-pīⁿ, sí-bông-lu̍t hui-siông ê koân, hoān-chiá nā-sī bô chiap-siū sek-tòng ê i-liâu, sí-bông-lu̍t chhiau-kòe 70%, chûn-oa̍h-chiá tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ ē tîⁿ-tòe giâm-tiōng ê āu-ûi-chèng.
Chù-kái siu-kái
- ↑ Groves, C.P. (2005). Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M., pian. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd pán.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 161. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
- ↑ 指令碼錯誤：沒有「cite iucn」這個模組。
- ↑ Huang, Y.-F.; Midha, M.; Chen, T.-H.; Wang, Y.-T.; Smith, D. G.; Pei, K. J.-C.; Chiu, K. P. (2015). "Complete Taiwanese Macaque (Macaca cyclopis) Mitochondrial Genome: Reference-Assisted de novo Assembly with Multiple k-mer Strategy". PLoS ONE. 10 (6): e0130673. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0130673. ISSN 1932-6203.
- ↑ Tân Bûn-tek (陳文德) (2016-09-01). "Kho-ha̍k ōe-tê: Tâi-oân seng-bu̍t to-iuⁿ-sèng toing ê "Kâu"". Kho-ha̍k gián-si̍p No.55-09. Kok-li̍p Tâi-oân Kho-ha̍k Kàu-io̍k-koán. pp. 76 ia̍h. Goân-pún bāng-ia̍h Pó-chûn tī 2016-10-16. 2016-09-18 khòaⁿ--ê.No.55-09:65-66
- ↑ Kó͘ Hi-liap-gí κύκλος ì-sù sī “îⁿ-khoân”, ὤψ sī “ba̍k-chiu”.
- ↑ （Galvin et al., 2013）[1]
Chham-khó bûn-hiàn siu-kái
- Eudey, A. (2000). Macaca cyclopis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Chham-khòaⁿ sî-kan sī 2007 nî 3 goe̍h 18 hō.
- Teresa A. Galvin, Imran A. Ahmed, Muhammad Shahabuddin, Theodore Bryan and Arifa S. Khan, 2013, Identification of Recombination in the Envelope Gene of Simian Foamy Virus Serotype 2 Isolated from Macaca cyclopis. J. Virol. 87:8792-8797.
Gōa-pō͘ Liân-kiat siu-kái
- Tâi-oân-kâu Archived 2020-07-27 at the Wayback Machine.
- [2]
- [3]
- [4] Archived 2021-04-20 at the Wayback Machine.