R-77

R-77/RVV-AE
AA-12 Adder
R-77/RVV-AE; AA-12 Adder
Luī-hîng	Tshiau sī-kī [en] khong tuì khong tō tān [en]
Ho̍k-i̍k kì-lo̍k
Ho̍k-i̍k kî-kan	1994 (R-77)
Sing-sán li̍k-sú
Sing-sán-siong	Molnija OKB, Artem, Vympel
Ki-pún tsu-guân
Tāng-liōng	175 kg (R-77), 190 kg (R-77-1)
Tn̂g-tōo	3.6 m (R-77), 3.71 m (R-77-1)
Ti̍t-kìng	200 mm
Tuâñ-thâu	22.5 kg HE fragmenting (R-77)
Detonation; mechanism	laser proximity fuse
E̋n-z̩ín	Solid fuel rocket motor (R-77), air-breathing ramjet (R-77-PD)
I̍k-tén	700 mm
Ūn-tsok huān-uî	R-77, RVV-AE: 80 kilometres (50 mi); R-77-1, RVV-SD: 110 kilometres (68 mi); R-77M: 193 kilometres (120 mi);
Hui-hîng kuân-tōo	5–25 km (16,000–82,000 ft)
Siōng-kuân sok-tōo	Mach 4, Mach 5 for K-77PD (RVV-AE-PD)
Tō-ín hē-thóng	Inertial with mid-course update and terminal active radar homing/infrared homing (R-77T)/passive radiation homing (R-77P)
Huat-siā; pêñ-tâi	MiG-21UPG, MiG-29, Su-27, Sukhoi Su-30, Sukhoi Su-34, Sukhoi Su-35, Sukhoi Su-57

Vympel NPO R-77 tō-tān (ing-gú: Vympel NPO R-77 missile; pak-iok pò-kò: AA-12 Adder; Vympel NPO R-77 tō-tuânn) sī Gôlôsu tsú-tōng luî-ta̍t tō-ín [en] (ARH) ê tshiau sī-kī khong tuì khong tō tān. R-77 mā in-uī i-ê tshut-kháu bîng-tshing RVV-AE jî-lâi bûn-bîng. R-77 sī Bí-kok AIM-120 AMRAAM tō-tān ê Gôlôsu tuì-ìng sán-phín.^[7]

R-77 ê khai-huat kuè-tîng lò-lò-tn̂g. Kang-tîng tī 20 sè-kí 80 nî-tāi khai-sí; m̄-koh Soo-liân kái-thé tsìn-tsîng iah-bē uân-sîng. Tsia-tsē nî-lāi, kan-na uī-tio̍h tshut-kháu kheh-hōo sing-sán RVV-AE hîng-hō.^[8] Gô-U tsiàn-tsing tì-sú Ukraina tuì Gôlôsu si̍t-si bú-khì kìm-ūn, kiong-ìng liān hông tshiat-tn̄g, sing-sán tsìn-tsi̍t-pōo siu--tio̍h kan-jiáu. Gôlôsu hâng-khong hâng-thian kun tsuè-āu tī 2015-nî kā R-77-1 (AA-12B) tâu-ji̍p ho̍k-i̍k.^[8]^[9] Suî-āu, R-77 hōo Su-35S tsiàn-tàu-ki pōo-sú teh Syria tsìn-hîng khong-tiong sûn-lô.^[8] R-77-1 ê tshut-kháu hîng-hō kiò-tsò RVV-SD.^[4]

Tsù-kái

↑ Butowski, Piotr. Russia and CIS Observer. 17 June 2007.
↑ "RVV-AE". Rosoboronexport. 2 February 2020 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ Barrie, Douglas and Pyadushkin, Maxim. "R-77, R-73 Missile Upgrades Emerge". Aviation Week. 13 August 2009
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 "RVV-SD". Rosoboronexport. 2 February 2020 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ "R-77". www.deagel.com. goân-loē-iông tī 29 April 2018 hőng khó͘-pih. 28 April 2018 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ "К-77ПД / РВВ-АЕ-ПД" (ēng Lō͘-se-a-gí). 15 June 2012. goân-loē-iông tī 16 October 2018 hőng khó͘-pih. 28 February 2019 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ "AA-12 ADDER R-77". Federation of American Scientists. goân-loē-iông tī 4 December 2004 hőng khó͘-pih. 2006-08-19 khòaⁿ--ê.
↑ ^8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) (14 February 2018). "The Military Balance 2018". The Military Balance (ēng Eng-gí). Routledge. 118.
↑ Cooper, Tom (14 November 2016). "Russia's Most Feared Air-to-Air Missile Is Actually Kind of a Dud". War is Boring. goân-loē-iông tī 30 August 2018 hőng khó͘-pih. 30 August 2018 khòaⁿ--ê.

Tsham-khó bûn-hiàn

Gordon, Yefim (2004). Soviet/Russian Aircraft Weapons Since World War Two. Hinckley, England: Midland Publishing. ISBN 1-85780-188-1. (Eng-gí)

Tsham-ua̍t

International Institute for Strategic Studies
List of missiles
AAM-4
AIM-120 AMRAAM
AIM-260 JATM
Astra Mark 1
GÖKTUĞ
Long-Range Engagement Weapon
Meteor (missile)
PL-12
PL-15
PL-17
PL-21
Python (missile)
Nńg-thé tsū-iû huat-lu̍t tiong-sim (Software Freedom Law Center)

Guā-pōo liân-kiat

[Butowski,_Piotr_2007-1] Butowski, Piotr. Russia and CIS Observer. 17 June 2007.

[RVV-AE-2] "RVV-AE". Rosoboronexport. 2 February 2020 khòaⁿ--ê.

[ReferenceA-3] Barrie, Douglas and Pyadushkin, Maxim. "R-77, R-73 Missile Upgrades Emerge". Aviation Week. 13 August 2009

[RVV-SD-4] 4.0 ^4.1 "RVV-SD". Rosoboronexport. 2 February 2020 khòaⁿ--ê.

[5] "R-77". www.deagel.com. goân-loē-iông tī 29 April 2018 hőng khó͘-pih. 28 April 2018 khòaⁿ--ê.

[6] "К-77ПД / РВВ-АЕ-ПД" (ēng Lō͘-se-a-gí). 15 June 2012. goân-loē-iông tī 16 October 2018 hőng khó͘-pih. 28 February 2019 khòaⁿ--ê.

[FAS-7] "AA-12 ADDER R-77". Federation of American Scientists. goân-loē-iông tī 4 December 2004 hőng khó͘-pih. 2006-08-19 khòaⁿ--ê.

[2018b-8] 8.0 ^8.1 ^8.2 International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) (14 February 2018). "The Military Balance 2018". The Military Balance (ēng Eng-gí). Routledge. 118.

[9] Cooper, Tom (14 November 2016). "Russia's Most Feared Air-to-Air Missile Is Actually Kind of a Dud". War is Boring. goân-loē-iông tī 30 August 2018 hőng khó͘-pih. 30 August 2018 khòaⁿ--ê.

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