Tiong-goân Koaⁿ-ōe
Tiong-goân Koaⁿ-ōe (中原官話) sī Koaⁿ-ōe ê chi̍t ê hun-chi, í Hô-lâm, Siám-sai Koan-tiong kap Soaⁿ-tang lâm-pō͘ chò tiong-sim. I hun-pò͘ ê hoān-ûi hâm-kài Kang-so͘, An-hui, Soaⁿ-tang, Hô-pak, Hô-lâm, Soaⁿ-sai, Siám-sai, Kam-siok, Lêng-hā, Chheng-hái kap Sin-kiong téng só͘-chāi lóng-chóng 390 ê koān-chhī. Sú-iōng chit khoán hong-giân ê jîn-sò͘ tī Koaⁿ-ōe tiong pâi tē-jī, tē-it sī Se-lâm Koaⁿ-ōe.
Tiong-goân Koaⁿ-ōe koh ē-tàng pun chò kúi-nā khoán chhù-hong-giân ("phìⁿ").