Ko-lê-jī

(Tùi Hangeul choán--lâi)

Ko-lê-jī (高麗字)[1], tī Lâm-Hân kiò Hangeul (한글), tī Pak-tiâu-sián kiò Chosŏn'gŭl (조선글, 朝鮮글) , chá-sî kiò-chò gān-bûn (諺文, 언문), sī hiān-tāi Tiâu-sián-gí (Hân-kok-gí) thong-ēng sī su-siá hong-sek, sī tùi 15 sè-kí Tiâu-sián Ông-tiâu ê Sè-chong Tāi-ông kong-pò͘ ê Hùn-bîn Chèng-im hoat-tián kàu taⁿ.

Le̍k-sú siu-kái

Ko-lê-jī ê thui-kóng-chiá sī Sè-chong Tāi-ông, Tiâu-sián Ông-tiâu ê tē-4 tāi kun-chú. Chi̍p-hiân-tiān (集賢殿), kap Sè-chong chò-hóe gián-kiù ê chi̍t pan ha̍k-chiá, sī it-poaⁿ jīn-ûi thâu chi̍t phoe khai-hoat kiam kái-liông Ko-lê-jī ê lâng.

Khai-hoat kè-ōe sī 1443 nî 12 goe̍h té he̍k-chiá 1444 nî 1 goe̍h sî goân-sêng--ê. 1446 nî ê sî-chūn, in chhut-pán Hùn-bîn Chèng-im (訓民正音) lâi kài-siāu chit thò bûn-jī. Tong-nî iáu ū chi̍t pún Hùn-bîn Chèng-im Kái-lē, î-it ê chho͘-pán chheh-pún sī 1940 nî chiah hō͘ ha̍k-chiá Jeon Hyeongpil hoat-kiàn--ê; lōe-iông sī tùi jī-bó siat-kè ê ké-soeh.

Jī-bó lia̍t-toaⁿ siu-kái

Hangeul ê "jī-bó" tī Tiâu-sián-gí tha̍k chò "jamo". Chia-ê jī-bó ē-tàng hun:

  • 14-ê chú-im (자음/子音 jaeum)
  • 5-ê siang chú-im (쌍자음/雙子音 ssang jaeum)
  • 10-ê bó-im (모음/母音 moeum)
  • 11-ê siang bó-im (쌍모음/雙母音 ssang moeum)

Leng-goā koh ū:

  • 11-ê hok chú-im (복자음/複子音 bok jaeum)
Ko-lê-jī ê jī-bó (Hangeul Jamo, 한글 자모)
Ki-pún jī-bó
Chú-im Bó-im
Jī-bó Miâ Lô-má-jī Hoat-im (Hangeul) Hoat-im (IPA) Jī-bó Miâ Lô-má-jī Hoat-im (Hangeul) Hoat-im (IPA)
기역 (giyeok) g/k gu/k [g-]/[-k̚] (a) a a [-a-]
니은 (nieun) n n [n-]/[-n] (ya) ya ya [-ja-]
디귿 (digeut) d/t d/t [d-]/[-t̚] (eo) eo o [-ʌ-]
리을 (rieul) r/l r/l [ɾ-]/[-ʎ] (yeo) yeo yo [-jʌ-]
미음 (mieum) m m [m-]/[-m] (o) o ô [-o-]
비읍 (bieup) b/p b/p [b-]/[-p̚] (yo) yo [-jo-]
시옷 (siot) s/t s/t [s-]/[-t̚] (u) u ou [-u-]
이응 (ieung) ng ng [-ŋ] (yu) yu you [-ju-]
지읒 (jieut) j/t dj/t [tɕ-]/[-t̚] (eu) eu eu [-ɯ-]
치읓 (chieut) ch/t tch/t [tɕʰ-]/[-t̚] (i) i i [-i-]
키읔 (kieuk) k kh [kʰ-]/[-k̚]
티읕 (tieut) t th [tʰ-]/[-t̚]
피읖 (pieup) p ph [pʰ-]/[-p̚]
히읗 (hieut) h/t h/t [h-]/[-t̚]
Ha̍p-seng jī-bó
Siang chú-im Siang bó-im
Jī-bó Miâ Lô-má-jī Hoat-im (Hangeul) Hoat-im (IPA) Jī-bó Miâ Lô-má-jī Hoat-im (Hangeul) Hoat-im (IPA)
쌍기역 (ssanggiyeok) kk k appuyé [kʼ-]/[-k̚] (ae) ae è [-ɛ-]
쌍디귿 (ssangdigeut) tt t appuyé [tʼ-]/[-t̚] (yae) yae [-jɛ-]
쌍비읍 (ssangbieup) pp p appuyé [pʼ-]/[-p̚] (e) e é [-e-]
쌍시옷 (ssangsiot) ss s appuyé [sʼ-]/[-t̚] (ye) ye [-je-]
쌍지읒 (ssangjieut) jj tch appuyé [tɕʼ-]/[-t̚] (wa) wa wa [-wa-]
Hok chú-im (wae) wae [-wɛ-]
Jī-bó Miâ Lô-má-jī Hoat-im (Hangeul) Hoat-im (IPA) (oe) oe wi [-wi-]
기역 시옷 (giyeok siot) ks x [-k̚]/[-ks-] (weo) weo wo [-wʌ-]
니은 지읒 (nieun jieut) nj ndj [-n]/[-ntɕ-] (we) we [-we-]
니은 히읗 (nieun hieut) nh nh [-n]/[-nx-] (wi) wi wi [-wi-]
리을 기억 (rieul giyeok) lg lg [-ʎ]/[-ʎg-] (ui) eui euil [-ɰi-]
리을 미음 (rieul mieum) lm lm [-ʎ]/[-ʎm-]
리을 비읍 (rieul bieup) lb lb [-ʎ]/[-ʎb-]
리을 시옷 (rieul siot) ls ls [-ʎ]/[-ʎs-]
리을 티읕 (rieul tieut) lt lt [-ʎ]/[-ʎtʰ-]
리을 피읖 (rieul pieup) lp lph [-ʎ]/[-ʎpʰ-]
리을 히읗 (rieul hieut) lh lh [-ʎ]/[-ʎx-]
비읍 시옷 (bieup siot) bs ps [-p̚]/[-ps-]

Jī-bó ê cho͘-ha̍p siu-kái

Chi̍t-ê im-chiat sī 2-ê í-siōng ê jī-bó lâi cho͘-siaⁿ, ū-ê sī chú-im + bó-im; ū-ê sī chú-im + bó-im + chú-im.

Tī im-chiat thâu ê chú-im jī-bó kiò "chho͘-siaⁿ" (thâu siaⁿ); tiong-ng ê bó-im kiò "tiong-siaⁿ"; im-chiat boé ê chú-im kiò "chiong-siaⁿ" (boé siaⁿ).

Chho͘-siaⁿ chham tiong-siaⁿ tī siá jī sî ê cho͘-ha̍p ū 3-khoán hêng-sek:

chho͘ tiong
ga   Tiong-siaⁿ tī chiàⁿ-pêng; chhō͘-siaⁿ tī tò-pêng, chia-ê tiong-siaⁿ ū: , , , , , , , , .
chho͘
tiong
go   Chhō͘-siaⁿ tī téng-bīn; tiong-siaⁿ tī ē-kha, chia-ê tiong-siaⁿ ū: , , , , .
chho͘ tiong2
tiong1
gwa   Chho͘-siaⁿ tī téng-tò-kak; tiong-siaⁿ tī ē-kha kap chiàⁿ-pêng, chia-ê tiong-siaⁿ ū: , , , , , , .

Lēng-goā chiong-siaⁿ it-lu̍t khèng siāng ē-kha:

ㄴㅅㅅㄱ
chho͘ tiong
chiong
ㅂㅅㄷㄴ
chho͘
tiong
chiong
chho͘ tiong2
tiong1
chiong

gan

gon

gwan

Choán-siá hē-thóng siu-kái

Siông-sè chhiáⁿ khoàⁿ: Hân-kok-gí Lô-má-jī

Chham-khó siu-kái

  1. Ogawa Naoyosi, pian. (1931–1932). "高麗字". 臺日大辭典 Tai-Nichi Dai Jiten [Tâi-Ji̍t Tōa Sû-tián]. OCLC 25747241.