Songhai Tè-kok
Songhai Tè-kok, sī Sai-hui kó͘-kok, 15 sè-kí tio̍h 16 sè-kí siōng sēng, sī Sat-hek-le̍k tē-khu choè-āu chi̍t-ê o͘-hō͘ thó͘-tù ê toā tè-kok.
Songhai Empire | |||||||||||||||
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c. 1464–1591 | |||||||||||||||
Siú-to͘ | Gao[1] | ||||||||||||||
Thong-iōng gí-giân | Songhai, Malinké, Mandinka, Fulani, Bozo, Soninke, Hausa, Mooré | ||||||||||||||
Chong-kàu | Sunni Islam, Traditional African religions | ||||||||||||||
Chèng-hú | Empire | ||||||||||||||
Sonni (King), later Askia (Emperor) | |||||||||||||||
• 1464–1492 | Sunni Ali | ||||||||||||||
• 1492–1493 | Sonni Bāru | ||||||||||||||
• 1493–1528 | Askia the Great | ||||||||||||||
• 1529–1531 | Askia Musa | ||||||||||||||
• 1531–1537 | Askia Benkan | ||||||||||||||
• 1537–1539 | Askia Isma'il | ||||||||||||||
• 1539–1549 | Askia Ishaq I | ||||||||||||||
• 1549–1582/1583 | Askia Daoud | ||||||||||||||
• 1588–1592 | Askia Ishaq II | ||||||||||||||
Le̍k-sú sî-kî | Postclassical Era | ||||||||||||||
• Songhai state emerges at Gao | c. 1000 | ||||||||||||||
• independence from Mali Empire | c. 1430 nî | ||||||||||||||
• Sunni Dynasty begins | 1468 | ||||||||||||||
• Askiya Dynasty begins | 1493 | ||||||||||||||
• Songhai Empire falls | 1591 nî | ||||||||||||||
• Dendi Kingdom continues | 1592 | ||||||||||||||
Bīn-chek | |||||||||||||||
1550[2] | 800,000 km2 (310,000 sq mi) | ||||||||||||||
Hoè-pè | (Cowry shells, and gold coins) | ||||||||||||||
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7 sè-kí ê sî-chūn Songhai-lâng tī tan-tiō kiàn-li̍p sió ông-kok, liáu-āu chhiân-tio̍h Ka-ò, chêng-āu sîn-sio̍k Ghana Tè-kok kap Mali Tè-kok, chiām-chiām kui sio̍k I-su-lân-kàu. 15 sè-kí liáu hō͘-kî, Sonni Ali to̍h sī-ūi liáu-āu iân Nî-ji̍t-hô tāi-le̍k khok-tiong, chiàm-niá Mali Tè-kok ê tiong-sim siâⁿ-chhī Têng-pa-khek-tô͘, chèng-sek kiàn-li̍p Songhai Tè-kok. Songhai siōng-sēng sî-kî ê léng-thó͘ sai kàu tāi-se-iûⁿ, tong kàu hô-sat-lâng khu-he̍k, pak kàu Mô͘-lo̍k-ko lâm-kéng.
Sonni Ali sí liáu-āu kok-ka hām-ji̍p lāi-loān, 1549-nî teng-ūi ê Askia bat-chi̍t-thō͘ tiông-chìn tè-kok, nā i tī 1582-nî óng-seng liáu-āu, tè-ūi kè-sêng būn-tê lēng tè-kok koh hām-ji̍p chi̍t-pái lāi-loān. 1590-nî, Mô͘-lo̍k-ko phài-khián sì-chheng-lâng ê kun-tūi ji̍p-chhim, 1591-nî 3-goe̍h kek-pāi ūi-sò͘ iok sì-bān lāng nā bú-khì tì-cham ê Songhai-kun, chiàm-niá Ka-ò, Têng-pa-khek-tô͘ tán pak, Songhai Tè-kok sòaⁿ-liáu-liáu.
- ↑ Bethwell A. Ogot, Africa from the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century, (UNESCO Publishing, 2000), 303.
- ↑ Taagepera 1979, pp. 497.