Wikipedia

TypeScript

TypeScript (ing-gú: TypeScript) sī-iû Microsoft khai-huat kah uî-hōoê bián-huì khui-guân pian-tîng gú-giân. TypeScript sī JavaScript ê giâm-keh gú-huat tshiau-tsi̍p [en] (superset), pīng-tshiánn uī gú-giân thinn-ka ē-tàng suán-ti̍k ê tsīng-thài luī-hîng. TypeScript tsuan-uī khai-huat tuā-hîng ìng-iōng tîng-sū hām tsuán-i̍k tsò JavaScript jî-lâi siat-kè.[5] Iû-î TypeScript sī JavaScript ê tshiau-tsi̍p [en] (superset), hiān-iú ê JavaScript tîng-sū mā sī ū-hāu ê TypeScript tîng-sū.

TypeScript
Pian-têng hoān-hêng Multi-paradigm: functional, generic, imperative, object-oriented
Nńg-thé siat-kè Microsoft
Têng-sek-goân Microsoft
Siú-chhù hoat-hêng 2012 nî 10 goe̍h 1 ji̍t;​ 12 nî í-chêng​ (2012-10-01) [1]
Ún-tēng
pán-pún
5.6.3[2] 喺維基數據度改 / 2024 nîCha̍p-goe̍h nî;​ í-chêng​ (2024 nîCha̍p-goe̍h)
Lūi-hêng hē-thóng Duck, gradual, structural[3]
Nńg-thé siū-koân Apache License 2.0
Bûn-kiāⁿ khok-tián-miâ .ts, .tsx
Bāng-chām www.typescriptlang.org
Khé-hoat gí-giân
C#, Java, JavaScript, ActionScript[4]
Éng-hióng gí-giân
AtScript, AssemblyScript

TypeScript ē-tàng iōng teh khai-huat iōng-hōo-tuann kah ho̍k-sāi-tuann tsip-hîng ê JavaScript ìng-iōng tîng-sū (pí-jû Node.js hi̍k-tsiá Deno [en]). Ū tsiânn-tsē suán-ti̍k ē-tàng iōng teh tsuán-i̍k. Ē-sái sú-iōng bi̍k-jīm ê TypeScript pian-i̍k-khì,[6] hi̍k-tsiá ē-tàng tiâu-iōng Babel pian-i̍k-khì kā TypeScript tsuán-uānn tsò JavaScript.

TypeScript tsi-tshî ē-sái pau-hâm hiān-iú JavaScript sòo-kì-khòo ê luī-hîng sìn-sit ê tīng-gī bûn-kiānn, tō tshin-tshiūnn C++ sìn-thâu [en] tóng-àn ē-sái biâu-su̍t hiān-iú bo̍k-piau tóng-àn ê kiat-kòo kāng-khuán. Tse tì-sú kî-thann tîng-sū ē-tàng sú-iōng tóng-àn tang-tiong tīng-gī ê ti̍t, tō tshin-tshiūnn in kan-na sī tsīng-thài luī-hîng ê TypeScript si̍t-thé kāng-khuán. jQuery [en], MongoDB [en] kah D3.js [en] tíng-tíng siū huan-gîng ê sook-i-khòo lóng-ū tē-3 hong ê sìn-thâu tóng-àn. Node.js sòo-kì-khòo bôo-pán ê TypeScript sìn-thâu (headet) mā ē-tàng sú-iōng, ún-tsún teh TypeScript tang-tiong khai-huat Node.js tîng-sū.[7]

TypeScript pian-i̍k-khì pún-sin sī iōng TypeScript sóo pian-siá ê, pīng-tshiánn pian-i̍k tsò JavaScript. TypeScript kin-kì Apache tsìng-tsiàu 2.0 [en] hik-tik hí-khó. Anders Hejlsberg [en], C# ê siú-si̍k káng-su, Delphi hām Turbo Pascal ê tshòng-kiàn-tsiá, it-ti̍t tì-li̍k teh TypeScript ê khai-huat.[8][9][10][11]

Li̍k-sú

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King-kuè nn̄g-nî ê Microsoft lāi-pōo khai-huat, TypeScript tī 2012-nî 10-gue̍h hiòng kong-tsiòng huat-pòo, pán-pún uî 0.8.[12][13] Thâu-tsi̍t-pái kong-khai huat-pòo liáu-āu bô-guā-kú, Miguel de Icaza tshing-tsàn tsit-ê gú-giân pún-sin, m̄-kú phue-phîng tû-liáu Microsoft Visual Studio tsi-guā khiàm-khueh sîng-si̍k ê IDE tsi-tshî, tong-sî teh Linux kah OS X tíng-kuân bē-sái iōng.[14][15] Tsia̍t-tsí 2021-nî 4-gue̍h, kî-thann IDE kah bûn-pún pian-tsi̍p-khì lóng ē-tàng tit-tio̍h tsi-tshî, pau-kuat Emacs [en], Vim, WebStorm, Atom [en][16] kah Microsoft ka-kī ê Visual Studio Code.[17] TypeScript 0.9, tī 2013-nî huat-pòo, tsing-ka tuì huān-hîng [en] ê tsi-tshî.[18]

TypeScript 1.0 tī 2014-nî teh Microsoft ê Build khai-huat-tsiá tāi-huē tíng-kuân huat-pòo.[19] Visual Studio 2013 Update 2 thê-kiong tuì TypeScript ê lāi-tìtsi-tshî.[20] 2014-nî 7-gue̍h tsìn-hîng tsìn-tsi̍t-pōo kái-tsìn, tong-sî khai-huat thuân-tuī suan-pòo sin-ê TypeScript pian-i̍k-khì, sing-tshing sìng-lîng thê-ko 5-puē. Tông-sî, siōng-thâu-á thok-kuán teh CodePlex tíng-kuân ê guân-tāi-bé í-king î-suá tsì GitHub.[21]

2016-nî 9-gue̍h 22-ji̍t, TypeScript 2.0 huat-pòo, ín-ji̍p tsiânn-tsē hāng kong-lîng, pau-kuat ting-su-guân ē-tàng suán-ti̍k kiông-tsè tsip-hîng null an-tsuân ê lîng-li̍k,[22] Ū-tang-sî-á hông kiò-tsò 10 ik bí-guân ê tshò-gōo [en].

TypeScript 3.0 tī 2018-nî 7 gue̍h 30-ji̍t huat-pòo[23] tsah-lâi tsiânn-tsē gú-giân hù-ka kong-lîng, pí-jû tsīng-thîng tsham-sòo hām khok-tián piáu-ta̍t-sik tang-tiong ê sūn-sū-tsoo [en] (tuple), sūn-sū-tsoo luī-hîng ê tsīng-thîng tsham-sòo, thong-iōng tsīng-thîng tsham-sòo tíng-tíng.[24]

TypeScript 4.0 tī 2020-nî 8-gue̍h 20-ji̍t huat-pòo.[25] Sui-jiân 4.0 bô ín-ji̍p jīm-hô tiōng-tāi ê king-kái, m̄-kú TypeScript thinn-ka tsu-jû ka-kī tīng-gī JSX kang-tiûnn kah khó-piàn sūn-sū-tsoo luī-hîng tsi luī ê gú-giân ti̍k-sìng.[25]

Tsù-kái

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  1. ↑ "TypeScript". CodePlex. goân-loē-iông tī 2015-04-03 hőng khó͘-pih. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  2. ↑ "Release 5.6.3". 2024 nîCha̍p-goe̍h. 2024 nîCha̍p-goe̍h khòaⁿ--ê. 
  3. ↑ "Type Compatibility". TypeScript. 21 March 2018 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  4. ↑ Nelson, Gary (2020-04-28). "How ActionScript foreshadowed TypeScript". Medium (ēng Eng-gí). 2022-07-09 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  5. ↑ Bright, Peter (3 October 2012). "Microsoft TypeScript: the JavaScript we need, or a solution looking for a problem?". Ars Technica. Condé Nast. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  6. ↑ "TypeScript Programming with Visual Studio Code". code.visualstudio.com (ēng Eng-gí). 12 February 2019 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  7. ↑ "borisyankov/DefinitelyTyped". GitHub. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  8. ↑ Foley, Mary Jo (1 October 2012). "Microsoft takes the wraps off TypeScript, a superset of JavaScript". ZDNet. CBS Interactive. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  9. ↑ Somasegar, S. (1 October 2012). "Somasegar's blog". Microsoft. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  10. ↑ Baxter-Reynolds, Matt (1 October 2012). "Microsoft TypeScript: Can the father of C# save us from the tyranny of JavaScript?". ZDNet. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  11. ↑ Jackson, Joab (1 October 2012). "Microsoft Augments Javascript for Large-scale Development". CIO. IDG Enterprise. goân-loē-iông tī 2013-12-17 hőng khó͘-pih. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  12. ↑ "Microsoft augments JavaScript for large-scale development". InfoWorld. IDG. 1 October 2012. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  13. ↑ Turner, Jonathan (2 April 2014). "Announcing TypeScript 1.0". TypeScript Language team blog. Microsoft. 20 October 2021 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  14. ↑ Miguel de Icaza (1 October 2012). "TypeScript: First Impressions". 12 October 2012 khòaⁿ--ê. But TypeScript only delivers half of the value in using a strongly typed language to Unix developers: strong typing. Intellisense, code completion and refactoring are tools that are only available to Visual Studio Professional users on Windows. There is no Eclipse, MonoDevelop or Emacs support for any of the language features  (Eng-gí)
  15. ↑ "Microsoft TypeScript: Can the father of C# save us from the tyranny of JavaScript?". ZDNet. 1 October 2012. 12 October 2012 khòaⁿ--ê. And I think this is a pretty big misstep. If you're building web apps that run on anything other than Windows, you're likely using a Mac and most likely not using Visual Studio. You need the Visual Studio plug-in to get the IntelliSense. All you get without Visual Studio is the strong-typing. You don't get the productivity benefits you get from IntelliSense..  (Eng-gí)
  16. ↑ "TypeStrong: The only TypeScript package you will ever need". GitHub. 21 July 2016 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  17. ↑ Hillar, Gastón (14 May 2013). "Working with TypeScript in Visual Studio 2012". Dr. Dobb's Journal. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  18. ↑ "TypeScript 0.9 arrives with new compiler, support for generics". The Register. 18 June 2013. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  19. ↑ Hejlsberg, Anders (2 April 2014). "TypeScript". Channel 9. Microsoft. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  20. ↑ Jackson, Joab (25 February 2014). "Microsoft TypeScript graduates to Visual Studio". PC World. IDG. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  21. ↑ Turner, Jonathan (21 July 2014). "New Compiler and Moving to GitHub". TypeScript Language team blog. Microsoft. 26 April 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  22. ↑ Bright, Peter (22 September 2016). "TypeScript, Microsoft's JavaScript for big applications, reaches version 2.0". Ars Technica. Condé Nast. 22 September 2016 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  23. ↑ "Announcing TypeScript 3.0". 30 July 2018. 16 March 2020 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  24. ↑ "TypeScript 3.0". 30 July 2018. 16 March 2020 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)
  25. ↑ 25.0 25.1 "Announcing TypeScript 4.0". TypeScript (ēng Eng-gí). 2020-08-20. 2020-10-30 khòaⁿ--ê.  (Eng-gí)

Tsham-khó bûn-hiàn

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Tsham-ua̍t

siu-kái
  • Dart
  • Kotlin
  • JS++
  • CodePlex
  • ZDNet
  • CBS Interactive
  • PC World
  • IDG
  • Ars Technica
  • Condé Nast
  • Channel 9 The Register
  • Dr. Dobb's Journal
  • InfoWorld.
  • Miguel de Icaza
  • IDG Enterprise
  • JavaScript

Guā-pōo liân-kiat

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