Tunguska sū-kiāⁿ
(Tùi Tunguska event choán--lâi)
Tunguska sū-kiāⁿ sī 1908 nî 6 goe̍h 30 ji̍t hoat-seng tī Lō͘-se-a Yeniseysk Chèng-khu (hiān-sî ê Krasnoyarsk Krai), oa̍h-kīn Podkamennaya Tunguska Hô ê chi̍t kái tōa po̍k-chà. Sū-kiāⁿ chō-sêng 2000 pêng-hong kong-lí lāi ê nâ-tē hō͘ ù pêⁿ--khì. It-poaⁿ jīn-ûi pún kái ê po̍k-chà, sī in-ūi chhu-chhiⁿ (liû-chheⁿ) tī oa̍h tē-bīn ê pòaⁿ khong-tiong sòaⁿ--khì.
Date | 1908-nî 6-goe̍h 30 |
---|---|
Time | 07:17 |
Location | Podkamennaya Tunguska River, Siberia, Russian Empire |
Coordinates | 60°53′09″N 101°53′40″E / 60.88583°N 101.89444°E[1] |
Cause | Probable air burst of small asteroid or comet |
Outcome |
Flattening 2,150 km2 (830 sq mi) of forest Devastation to local plants and animals |
Deaths | 0 confirmed, 3 possible |
Property damage | A few damaged buildings |
Chù-kái
siu-kái- ↑ Farinella, Paolo; Foschini, L.; Froeschlé, Christiane; Gonczi, R.; Jopek, T. J.; Longo, G.; Michel, Patrick (2001). "Probable asteroidal origin of the Tunguska Cosmic Body" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 377 (3): 1081–1097. Bibcode:2001A&A...377.1081F. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20011054. 1 September 2015 khòaⁿ--ê.
Chham-khó bûn-hiàn
siu-kái- Baxter, John; Atkins, Thomas. The Fire Came By: The Riddle of the Great Siberian Explosion, (London) Macdonald and Jane's, 1975. ISBN 978-0-446-89396-1.
- Baxter, John; Atkins, Thomas; introduction by Asimov, Isaac. The Fire Came By: The Riddle of the Great Siberian Explosion, (Garden City, New York (state)) Doubleday, 1976. ISBN 978-0-385-11396-0.
- Baxter, John; Atkins, Thomas; introduction by Asimov, Isaac. The Fire Came By: The Riddle of the Great Siberian Explosion, (New York) Warner Books, 1977. ISBN 978-0-446-89396-1.
- Bronshten, V. A. The Tunguska Meteorite: History of Investigations, (Moscow) A. D. Selyanov 2000 (in Russian). ISBN 978-5-901273-04-3.
- Brown, John C.; Hughes, David. W. "Tunguska's comet and the non-thermal carbon-14 production in the atmosphere", Nature, Vol 268 (May) 1977 pp. 512–514.
- Chaikin, Andrew. "Target: Tunguska", Sky & Telescope, January 1984 pp. 18–21. The Kresak/Sekanina debate, in a very widely available journal. Cited in Verma.
- Christie, William H. "The great Siberian meteorite of 1908", The Griffith Observer, (Los Angeles) The Griffith Observatory, Vol 6 (April) 1942 pp. 38–47. This review is widely cited.
- Crowther, J. G. "More about the Great Siberian Meteorite", Scientific American, May 1931 pp. 314–317. Cited in Verma.
- Furneaux, Rupert. The Tungus Event: The Great Siberian Catastrophe of 1908, (New York) Nordon Publications, 1977. ISBN 978-0-8439-0619-6.
- Furneaux, Rupert. The Tungus Event: The Great Siberian Catastrophe of 1908, (St. Albans) Panther, 1977. ISBN 978-0-586-04423-0.
- Gallant, Roy A. The Day the Sky Split Apart: Investigating a Cosmic Mystery, (New York) Atheneum Books for Children, 1995. ISBN 978-0-689-80323-9.
- Gallant, Roy A. "Journey to Tunguska", Sky & Telescope, June 1994 pp. 38–43. Cover article, with full-page map. Cited in Verma.
- Gasperini, Luca, Bonatti, Enrico and Longo, Giuseppe. The Tunguska Mystery 100 Years Later, Scientific American, June 2008.
- Krinov, E. L. Giant Meteorites, trans. J. S. Romankiewicz (Part III: The Tunguska Meteorite), (Oxford and New York) Pergamon Press, 1966.
- Lerman, J. C.; Mook, W. G.; Vogel, J. C. (1967). "Effect of the Tunguska Meteor and Sunspots on Radiocarbon in Tree Rings". Nature. 216 (5119): 990–991. Bibcode:1967Natur.216..990L. doi:10.1038/216990a0.
- Morgan, J. Phipps; Ranero, C. R.; Reston, T.J. (2004). "Contemporaneous mass extinctions, continental flood basalts, and 'impact signals': are mantle plume-induced lithospheric gas explosions the causal link?" (PDF). Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 217 (3–4): 263–284. Bibcode:2004E&PSL.217..263P. doi:10.1016/s0012-821x(03)00602-2.
- Oliver, Charles P (1928). "The Great Siberian Meteorite". Scientific American. 139 (1): 42–44. Bibcode:1928SciAm.139...42O. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0728-42. Cited in Baxter and Atkins, also in Verma.
- Ol'khovatov, A. Yu. "Geophysical Circumstances of the 1908 Tunguska Event in Siberia, Russia", Earth, Moon, and Planets, Vol 93 November 2003, pp. 163–173
- Perkins, Sid. "A Century Later, Scientists Still Study Tunguska", Science News, 21 June 2008 pp. 5–6. Includes 11 color photographs.
- Rubtsov, Vladimir. The Tunguska Mystery, (Dordrecht and New York) Springer, 2009. ISBN 978-0-387-76573-0; 2012, ISBN 978-1-4614-2925-8.
- Steel, Duncan (2008). "Tunguska at 100". Nature. 453 (7199): 1157–1159. Bibcode:2008MNSSA..67...75.. doi:10.1038/4531157a. PMID 18580919. This is one of several articles in a special issue, cover title: "Cosmic Cataclysms".
- Stoneley, Jack; with Lawton, A. T. Cauldron of Hell: Tunguska, (New York) Simon & Schuster, 1977. ISBN 978-0-671-22943-6.
- Stoneley, Jack; with Lawton, A. T. Tunguska, Cauldron of Hell, (London) W. H. Allen, 1977. ISBN 978-0-352-39619-8
- Verma, Surendra. The Tunguska Fireball: Solving One of the Great Mysteries of the 20th century, (Cambridge) Icon Books Ltd., 2005. ISBN 978-1-84046-620-1.
- Verma, Surendra. The Mystery of the Tunguska Fireball, (Cambridge) Icon Books Ltd., 2006. ISBN 978-1-84046-728-4, also (Crows Nest, NSW, Australia) Allen & Unwin Pty Ltd., 2006, with same ISBN. Index has "Lake Cheko" as "Ceko, Lake", without "h".
Gōa-pō͘ liân-kiat
siu-kái- Tunguska pictures—Many Tunguska-related pictures with comments in English
- Evgenii A. Vaganov; Malkolm K. Hughes; Pavel P. Silkin; Valery D. Nesvetailo (2004). "The Tunguska Event in 1908: Evidence from Tree-Ring Anatomy" (PDF). Astrobiology. 4 (3): 391–399. Bibcode:2004AsBio...4..391V. doi:10.1089/ast.2004.4.391. PMID 15383242.
- Preliminary results from the 1961 combined Tunguska meteorite expedition Archived 2008-07-20 at the Wayback Machine.
- 1908 Siberia Explosion. Reconstruction by William K. Hartmann.
- NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: Tunguska: The Largest Recent Impact Event (14 November 2007)
- "Mystery space blast 'solved'" (BBC News)
- Sound of the Tunguska event (reconstruction)
- The Tunguska Event 100 Years later Archived 2020-06-25 at the Wayback Machine.—NASA
- Hogenboom, Melissa (7 July 2016). "In Siberia in 1908, a huge explosion came out of nowhere". BBC News. Earth. 8 October 2017 khòaⁿ--ê.
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