Internet

Internet ("Óa-im: "ín-tér-ne̍t""; hōo-liân-bāng) sī hoān-ûi pau-hâm thong sè-kài ê kong-kiōng tiān-náu bāng-lō͘, i ê chu-liāu iōng piau-chún ê Internet Protocol (IP) choán-sàng. Internet thang kóng sī "chiòng bāng-lō͘ chi kan ê bāng-lō͘", pau-hâm kúi-nā-pah-bān ê khah sè-ê ê bāng-lō͘, ū khiā-ke--ê, ha̍k-su̍t-kài--ê, seng-lí-kài--ê, chèng-hú--ê téng-téng. Chit-ê toā bāng-lō͘ téng-bīn khǹg liáu kok-chióng chu-liāu kap ho̍k-bū, chhiūⁿ kóng tiān-chú-phe (email), chat, tóng-àn thoân-sàng (FTP), bāng-ia̍h téng-téng ê World Wide Web (WWW) bûn-kiāⁿ.

Iōng-gí

"Internet" chit jī nā piáu-sī keng-kòe IP thoân-sàng thong-sè-kài ê hē-thóng ê sî-chūn, i sī chi̍t-ê choan-iú bêng-sû.^[1] Lēng-gōa "Internet" chit jī ū-sî hông kah "World Wide Web" lām chò-hóe sú-iōng, chóng-sī WWW giâm-keh ê ì-sù sī bāng-ia̍h ê hē-thóng, m̄-sī kui-ê Internet ê khoân-kéng.

Tī Hàn-bûn, Internet ū Hō͘-liân-bāng (互聯網), Bāng-chè Bāng-lō͘ (網際網路) kap In-te̍k-bāng (因特網) téng kóng-hoat.

Le̍k-sú

Internet ê khí-goân tāi-seng ē-tàng tui-jip kàu Bí-kok Kok-hông-pō͘ kià-hù ê chi̍t hāng kè-ōe. Goân-té ê lō͘-ēng sī beh chhōe chi̍t khoán nā tú tio̍h hu̍t-chú bú-khì kong-kek ê sî thang pó-chhî tiōng-iàu kun-sū tiān-náu khan-liân ê hong-sek. Hit-chūn in hoat-tián kā chu-liāu thiah chò chē hūn pau-kó (packet), keng-kòe chhōe-lō͘ (routing) nńg-thé thoân sàng ê ki-su̍t.^[2]

Tī 1970 nî-tāi chá-kî, chi̍t kóa sian-chìn gián-kiù ki-koan, pí-lūn Bolt Beranek and Newman, Stanford Gián-kiù-só͘ (Stanford Research Institute), Carnegie Mellon Tāi-ha̍k, kap Berkeley California Tāi-ha̍k téng hong-bīn, í-keng kap chèng-hú chhut-chîⁿ kiam koán-lí ê ARPANET^{[N 1]} sio-chiap. Āu--lâi chiām-chhù mā ū pí-lūn Kok-ka Kho-ha̍k Ki-kim-hōe (National Science Foundation) ê NSFnet téng kî-tha bāng-lō͘ khan chiap ARPANET. Hit-chūn chi̍t kóa èng-iōng, pí-lūn e-mail kap Usenet, kiam chi̍t kóa BBS, mā chhì-khek liáu bāng-lō͘ ê khok-tiong.^[2]

Tī 1980 nî-tāi ê sî, koh ū chi̍t khoán tē-hng kò-sī-pâi teh hoat-tián, in it-poaⁿ sī keng-kòe FidoNet sio-chiap. Lēng-gōa mā ū chhan-chhiūⁿ CompuServe kap America On-line téng kong-si ê su-iú sòaⁿ-téng ho̍k-bū. Tong-sî chia ê bāng-lō͘, kap ARPANET ū pō͘-hūn ê sio-chiap, tè-bé hoat-tián chhut chi̍t-ê hō͘ ha̍k-su̍t-kài ê lâng ēng tī phó͘-thong lō͘-iōng ê NSFnet bāng-lō͘.^[2]

Te̍k-pia̍t chhì-khek Internet thoân ji̍p tāi-chiòng seng-oa̍h--ê, sī CERN cho͘-chit ê Tim Berners-Lee chú-chhî hoat-tián ê World Wide Web, he tāi-seng sī ēng beh tián-sī liân-kiat bûn-pún ê chi̍t hāng phiau-chún, kàu 1990 nî-tāi tiong-kî koh ka-chiūⁿ tián-sī tô͘-ōe kap to-mûi-thé ê kong-lêng. Tī 90 nî-tāi bóe, Internet í-keng sī chú-liû mûi-thé chi it.^[2]

Chù-kái

↑ Hō-miâ sī "Kok-hông-pō͘ ê Sian-chìn Gián-kiù Kè-ōe" Kio̍k" (Defense Department’s Advanced Research Projects Agency) ê Eng-gí kán-lio̍k.

Chham-chiàu

↑ The Chicago Manual of Style, 16th Edition: "capitalize World Wide Web and Internet"
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Henderson, Harry (2008). "Internet". Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology (Revised Edition). Facts On File.

Pún bûn-chiuⁿ sī chi̍t phiⁿ phí-á-kiáⁿ. Lí thang tàu khok-chhiong lâi pang-chō͘ Wikipedia.

[3] Hō-miâ sī "Kok-hông-pō͘ ê Sian-chìn Gián-kiù Kè-ōe" Kio̍k" (Defense Department’s Advanced Research Projects Agency) ê Eng-gí kán-lio̍k.

[1] The Chicago Manual of Style, 16th Edition: "capitalize World Wide Web and Internet"

[Henderson2008-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Henderson, Harry (2008). "Internet". Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology (Revised Edition). Facts On File.

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