Hó͘ ku-á
(Tùi Cicindelinae choán--lâi)
Hóo ku-á (ing-gú: tiger beetle; cicindelinae) sī cicindelinae a-kho (subfamily) ê tsi̍t-tuā-luī ku-á, í tshut-miâ teh i-ê kong-kik lia̍h-si̍t ê sìng-tē kah tsáu-pio ê sok-tōo. Í-king tsai-á siōng kín ê hóo ku-á rivacindela hudsoni (cicindela hudsoni) ê sî-sok uî 9 km/h (5.6 mph; 2.5 m/s), ia̍h-sī ta̍k-bió tāi-iok 125-puē ê thé-tn̂g.[1] Tsia̍t-tsí 2005-nî, í-king tsai-á tāi-iok ū 2600 guā-ê bu̍t-tsiòng kah a-tsióng, kî-tiong to-iūnn-sìng siong phong-phài ê tē-khu sī tang-hong tē-khu (Ìntōo - Málâisea), koh-lâi tō sī sin-lia̍t-tài tē-khu (neotropical realm)[2]
| Hóo ku-á Sî-kan hoān-ûi: Aptian–Recent | |
|---|---|
| |
| Lophyra sp teh Tanzania | |
Kho-ha̍k hun-lūi 
| |
| Kài: | Animalia |
| Kong: | Insecta |
| Bo̍k: | Coleoptera |
| Kho: | Carabidae |
| A-kho: | Cicindelinae Latreille, 1802 |
| Tso̍k | |
| Siâng-ì-miâ | |
| |
Bu̍t-tsióng hun-luī
siu-kái
Sio̍k
siu-kái- Abroscelis Hope, 1838
- Amblycheila Say, 1829
- Aniara Hope, 1838
- Antennaria Dokhtouroff, 1883
- Apteroessa Hope, 1838
- Archidela Rivalier, 1963
- Baloghiella Mandl, 1981
- Bennigsenium W. Horn, 1897
- Brasiella Rivalier, 1954
- Caledonica Chaudoir, 1860
- Caledonomorpha W. Horn, 1897
- Callidema Guerin-Meneville, 1843
- Callytron Gistl, 1848
- Calomera Motschulsky, 1862
- Calyptoglossa Jeannel, 1946
- Cenothyla Rivalier, 1969
- Cephalota Dokhtouroff, 1883
- Chaetodera Jeannel, 1946
- Cheilonycha Lacordaire, 1843
- Cheiloxya Guerin-Meneville, 1855
- Cicindela Linnaeus, 1758
- Collyris Fabricius, 1801
- Cratohaerea Chaudoir, 1850
- †Cretotetracha Zhao et al., 2019
- Ctenostoma Klug, 1821
- Cylindera Westwood, 1831
- Darlingtonica Cassola, 1986
- Derocrania Chaudoir, 1860
- Diastrophella Rivalier, 1957
- Dilatotarsa Dokhtouroff, 1882
- Distipsidera Westwood, 1837
- Dromica Dejean, 1826
- Dromicoida Werner, 1995
- Dromochorus Guerin-Meneville, 1845
- Ellipsoptera Dokhtouroff, 1883
- Enantiola Rivalier, 1961
- Eunota Rivalier, 1954
- Euprosopus Dejean, 1825
- Euryarthron Guerin-Meneville, 1849
- Eurymorpha Hope, 1838
- Euzona Rivalier, 1963
- Grammognatha Motschulsky, 1850
- Grandopronotalia W. Horn, 1936
- Guineica Rivalier, 1963
- Habrodera Motschulsky, 1862
- Habroscelimorpha Dokhtouroff, 1883
- Heptodonta Hope, 1838
- Hypaetha Leconte, 1860
- Iresia Dejean, 1831
- Jansenia Chaudoir, 1865
- Langea W. Horn, 1901
- Leptognatha Rivalier, 1963
- Lophyra Motschulsky, 1859
- Macfarlandia Sumlin, 1981
- Manautea Deuve, 2006
- Mantica Kolbe, 1896
- Manticora Fabricius, 1781
- Megacephala Latreille, 1802
- Megalomma Westwood, 1842
- Metriocheila Thomson, 1857
- Micromentignatha Sumlin, 1981
- Microthylax Rivalier, 1954
- Myriochila Motschulsky, 1862
- Naviauxella Cassola, 1988
- Neochila Basilewsky, 1953
- Neocicindela Rivalier, 1963
- Neocollyris W. Horn, 1901
- Neolaphyra Bedel, 1895
- Nickerlea W. Horn, 1899
- Notospira Rivalier, 1961
- Odontocheila Laporte, 1834
- Omus Eschscholtz, 1829
- Opilidia Rivalier, 1954
- Opisthencentrus W. Horn, 1893
- Orthocindela Rivalier, 1972
- Oxycheila Dejean, 1825
- †Oxycheilopsis Cassola & Werner, 2004
- Oxygonia Mannerheim, 1837
- Oxygoniola W. Horn, 1892
- Paraphysodeutera J. Moravec, 2002
- Pentacomia Bates, 1872
- Peridexia Chaudoir, 1860
- Phaeoxantha Chaudoir, 1850
- Phyllodroma Lacordaire, 1843
- Physodeutera Lacordaire, 1843
- Picnochile Motschulsky, 1856
- Platychile Macleay, 1825
- Pogonostoma Klug, 1835
- Polyrhanis Rivalier, 1963
- Pometon Fleutiaux, 1899
- Prepusa Chaudoir, 1850
- Probstia Cassola, 2002
- Pronyssa Bates, 1874
- Pronyssiformia W. Horn, 1929
- Prothyma Hope, 1838
- Prothymidia Rivalier, 1957
- Protocollyris Mandl, 1975
- Pseudotetracha Fleutiaux, 1894
- Pseudoxycheila Guerin-Meneville, 1839
- Rhysopleura Sloane, 1906
- Rhytidophaena Bates, 1891
- Rivacindela Nidek, 1973
- Ronhuberia J. Moravec & Kudrna, 2002
- Salpingophora Rivalier, 1950
- Socotrana Cassola & Wranik, 1998
- Stenocosmia Rivalier, 1965
- Sumlinia Cassola & Werner, 2001
- Tetracha Hope, 1838
- Therates Latreille, 1816
- Thopeutica Schaum, 1861
- Tricondyla Latreille, 1822
- Vata Fauvel, 1903
- Waltherhornia Olsoufieff, 1934
Tsù-kái
siu-kái- ↑ Friedlander, Blaine (1998-01-16). "Cornell News, Jan. 16, 1998 When tiger beetles chase prey at high speeds they go blind temporarily, Cornell entomologists learn". News.cornell.edu. 2020-10-26 khòaⁿ--ê.
- ↑ Pearson, D.L. & F. Cassola, 2005
Tsham-khó bûn-hiàn
siu-kái- Further new country records of African Tiger Beetles with some taxonomical note (Coleoptera, Cicindelidae) by Peter Schüle. Entomologia Africana 15(2)2010.
- The Tiger beetles of Africa by Karl Werner, Taita Publishers 2000.
- A Quantitative Analysis of Species Descriptions of Tiger Beetles (Coleoptera Cicindelidae), from 1758 to 2004, and Notes about Related Developments in Biodiversity Studies by D.L. Pearson and F. Cassola. The Coleopterists Bulletin Vol 59, n°2, June 2005.
- Tiger Beetles of Alberta: Killers on the Clay, Stalkers on the Sand by John Acorn. University of Alberta Press, 2001.
- Tiger Beetles: The Evolution, Ecology, and Diversity of the Cicindelids by David L. Pearson and Alfried P. Vogler. Cornell University Press, 2001.
- A Field Guide to the Tiger Beetles of the United States and Canada by David L. Pearson, C. Barry Knisley and Charles J. Kazilek. Oxford University Press, 2005.
- The Beetles of the World, volumes 13 [1], 15 [2] Archived 2010-08-05 at the Wayback Machine., 18 [3] & 20 [4] by Karl Werner, Sciences Nat, Venette, 1991, 1992, 1993 & 1995.
Tsham-ua̍t
siu-kái- Hóe-chheⁿ bî-liōng khì-thé tui-chong ūi-chheⁿ(Hué-tsheñ bî-liōng khì-thé tui-tsong uī-tsheñ; eng-gí: ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter)
- Kardashev Chhioh-tō͘ (Kardashev tshioh-tōo; Lō͘-se-a-gí: Шкала Кардашёва (eng-gí: Kardashev Scale); hàn-gí: 卡爾達肖夫尺度, 卡爾達肖夫指數)
- Khong-kan chhioh-tō͘ (khong-kan tshioh-tōo; eng-gí: Spatial scale; hàn-gí: 空間尺度)
- Tâi-oân hui-tia̍p ha̍k-hoē (Tâi-uân hui-tia̍p ha̍k-huē; eng-gí: Taiwan UFOlogy Society; hàn-gí: 台灣飛碟學會)
- Thong-iōng tōng-le̍k (thong-iōng tōng-li̍k, thong-iōng tōng-li̍k kong-si, thong-iōng tōng-le̍k kong-si; General Dynamics, General Dynamics Corporation (GD); 通用動力, 通用動力公司)
Guā-pōo lên-ket
siu-kái
- Cicindela Online
- https://web.archive.org/web/20060831202838/http://homepage3.nifty.com/trechinae/cicinw.htm (Ji̍t-pún-gí)
- Planet's Coolest Critters -- Tiger Beetles Archived 2021-04-27 at the Wayback Machine.
- Tiger Beetles of the U.S.A.
- Tiger Beetles of Papua Indonesia
- Tiger beetles of Florida on the UF / IFAS Featured Creatures Web site
- Moravec J. (2010): Tiger Beetles of the Madagascan Region (Madagascar, Seychelles, Comoros, Mascarenes, and other islands) Taxonomic revision of the 17 genera occurring in the region (Coleoptera: Cicindelidae),430 pp.
- Siuslaw Hairy-Necked Tiger Beetle Archived 2020-06-29 at the Wayback Machine. Video produced by Oregon Field Guide
- Štrunc V. (2020): Tiger Beetles of the World - Illustrated guide to the genera, 338 species