Neutrino

Neutrino
	1970 nî 11-goe̍h 13-hō, tī Argonne Kok-ka Si̍t-giām-sek tē-it kái ū lâng iōng chúi-sò͘ pho-á-sek lâi thàm-chhek neutrinos. Chi̍t-ê neutrino khì lòng--tio̍h chúi-sò͘ goân-chú tiong ê iông-chú; sio-lòng hoat-seng tī siòng-phìⁿ chiàⁿ-chhiú-pêng, sàn-hoat--chhut saⁿ-ê hûn-jiah.
Hun-lūi	Lepton, antilepton
Thóng-kè	Fermi thóng-kè
Sè-tāi	Tē-it, tē-jī kap tē-saⁿ
Kì-hō	νe, νμ, ντ, νe, νμ, ντ
Hoán-lia̍p-chú	Opposite chirality from particle
Lí-lūn	νe: Wolfgang Pauli (1930); νμ: 1940 nî-tāi bóe-kî; ντ: 1970 nî-tāi tiong-kî;
Hoat-hiān	νe: Cowan, Reines (1956); ντ: Lederman, Schwartz and Steinberger (1962); ντ: DONUT ha̍p-chok kè-ōe (2000);
Lūi-hêng	3: tiān-chú neutrino, muon neutrino, and tau neutrino
Chit-liōng	<0.120 eV (<2.14×10−37 kg), 95% sìn-sim chúi-chún, 3 chióng bī ê chóng-hô
Tiān-hō	0 e
Spin	1/2
Jio̍k isospin	LH: +1/2, RH: 0
Jio̍k hypercharge	LH: −1, RH: 0
B − L	−1
X	−3

Neutrino (Tâi-gí ho͘-im: niu-chhúi-nò͘, iōng Hi-lia̍p jī-bó ν chò kì-hō) sī chi̍t chióng lepton. Neutrino ê spin sī 1/2, só͘-í i sī fermion; i ê chit-liōng khah sè kî-thaⁿ ê ki-pún lia̍p-chú, ti̍t-beh bô-khì.

Neutrino kan-ta ē chham-ú jio̍k-le̍k kap tiōng-le̍k saⁿ-chok-iōng.

Jio̍k-le̍k chok-iōng ê hoān-ûi sè-sè chi̍t-phìⁿ-á niā-niā, tiōng-le̍k iū koh put-chí-á jio̍k, kì-jiân neutrino bōe chham-ú kiông-le̍k chok-iōng, i chhŏaⁿ ē-tàng chhǹg-kòe tōa-pō͘-hūn ê it-poaⁿ bu̍t-chit, siáⁿ-mih to bô châi-tiāu kā tìn--lo̍h-lâi, i mā bōe hŏng thàm-chhek--tio̍h.

Jio̍k-le̍k chok-iōng sán-seng ê neutrino ū saⁿ chióng lepton bī: tiān-chú neutrino (ν_e), muon neutrino (ν_μ), kap tao neutrino (ν_τ), kok-chū tùi-èng i ê lepton.

Ē-bīn chióng-chióng ê hòng-siā-sèng decay ē-sái sán-seng neutrino:

goân-chú-hu̍t ia̍h hadron ê beta decay
tī hêng-chheⁿ hu̍t-sim chū-jiân hoat-seng ê hu̍t-hoán-èng
jîn-kang hu̍t-hoán-èng, phì-jū hoat-seng tī goân-chú-lô͘, goân-chú-tôaⁿ, ia̍h lia̍p-chú ka-sok-khì.
chhiau-sin-chheⁿ po̍k-chà ê sî
tiong-chú-chheⁿ ê spin-down
ú-tiū-sòaⁿ ia̍h ka-sok lia̍p-chú-sok khì lòng--tio̍h goân-chú ê sî

Miâ-chheng

In-ūi neutrino sī tiān-tiong-sèng--ê (Italia-gí word stem: neutr-), jî-chhiáⁿ i ê chit-liōng chin sè (Italia-gí suffix: -ino), khah-chá lâng lóng kiò-sī i bô chit-liōng, só͘-í Italia bu̍t-lí-ha̍k-ka Enrico Fermi kā i hō chò neutrino.

Neutrino tī Hôa-gí lāi-té hŏng hoan-e̍k chò 微中子 (Tâi-oân, Hiong-káng) ia̍h-sī 中微子 (Tiong-kok), che sī chiàu i goân-té ê ì-sù khì hoan-e̍k ·ê.

Le̍k-sú

1930 nî, Wolfgang Pauli ká-siat neutrino ê chûn-chāi, i sī ūi-tio̍h beh kái-soeh beta pang-hoài án-chóaⁿ î-chhî lêng-liōng, ūn-tōng-liōng, kak-ūn-tōng-liōng (spin) ē siú-hêng.

Chù-kái

↑ Mertens, Susanne (2016). "Direct neutrino mass experiments". Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 718 (2): 022013. arXiv:1605.01579  . Bibcode:2016JPhCS.718b2013M. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/718/2/022013.

Guā-pō͘ liân-kiat

Casper, Dave. "What's a Neutrino?". University of California, Irvine. goân-loē-iông tī 2010-09-25 hőng khó͘-pih. 2021-02-27 khòaⁿ--ê.
"Neutrino unbound". On-line review and e-archive on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics.
The Ghost Particle (video documentary). Nova. Boston, MA: WGBH.

[Mertens-1] Mertens, Susanne (2016). "Direct neutrino mass experiments". Journal of Physics: Conference Series. 718 (2): 022013. arXiv:1605.01579  . Bibcode:2016JPhCS.718b2013M. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/718/2/022013.

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