Thó͘-chheⁿ

(Tùi Thó·-chheⁿ choán--lâi)

Thó͘-chheⁿ (土星, Eng-gí: Saturn) sī thài-iông-hē ê 1 lia̍p hêng-seng. Tùi thài-iông hia sǹg--kòe-lâi sī tī tē-6-ūi, sī thài-iông-hē tē-2 tōa ê hêng-seng, kan-na Bo̍k-chheⁿ koh khah tōa. Thó͘-chheⁿ sī 1 lia̍p gá-suh tōa-hêng-seng (gas giant).

Thó͘-chheⁿ ♄
NASA Kiâⁿ-chûn-chiá 2-hō hip
Miâ-hō
Hō-miâ iû-lâi
Saturn
Kúi-tō sèng-chit
Goân-kî J2000.0
Aphelion 1,514.50 million kilometres (10.1238 AU)
Kīn-ji̍t-tiám 1,352.55 million kilometres (9.0412 AU)
1,433.53 million kilometres (9.5826 AU)
Lî-sim-lu̍t 0.0565
  • 29.4571 yr
  • 10,759.22 d
  • 24,491.07 Saturnian solar days
378.09 days
9.68 kilometres per second (6.01 mi/s)
317.020°
Khi-pêng
113.665°
2032-Nov-29
339.392°
Known satellites 82 with formal designations; innumerable additional moonlets.
Bu̍t-lí sèn-chit
Pêng-kin poàn-kéng
58,232 kilometres (36,184 mi)
Chhiah-tō poàn-kéng
  • 60,268 kilometres (37,449 mi)
  • 9.449 Earths
Ke̍k-tē poàn-kéng
  • 54,364 kilometres (33,780 mi)
  • 8.552 Earths
Píⁿ-pêⁿ-lu̍t 0.09796
Îⁿ-chiu
  • 365882.4 km equatorial (227348.8 mi)
  • 4.27×1010 square kilometres (1.65×1010 sq mi)
  • 83.703 Earths
Thé-chek
  • 8.2713×1014 cubic kilometres (1.9844×1014 cu mi)
  • 763.59 Earths
Chit-liōng
  • 5.6834×1026 kg
  • 95.159 Earths
Pêng-kin bi̍t-tō͘
0.687 grams per cubic centimetre (0.0248 lb/cu in) (less than water)
0.22
35.5 kilometres per second (22.1 mi/s)
Hêng-chheⁿ chū-choán chiu-kî
10h 33m 38s Pang-bô͘:+-
Chhiah-tō chū-choán sok-tō͘
9.87 kilometres per second (6.13 mi/s; 35,500 km/h)
26.73° (to orbit)
Pak-ke̍k chhiah-keng
40.589°; 2h 42m 21s
Pak-ke̍k chhiah-hūi
83.537°
Hoán-siā-lu̍t
Piáu-bīn un-tō͘ siōng-kē pêng-kin siōng-koân
1 bar 134 K (−139 °C)
0.1 bar 84 K (−189 °C)
−0.55 to +1.17
14.5″ to 20.1″ (excludes rings)
Tāi-khì-khoan
Piáu-bīn ap-le̍k
140 kPa
59.5 kilometres (37.0 mi)
Thé-chek cho͘-sêng
96.3%±2.4% chúi-sò͘ (H
2
)
3.25%±2.4% helium (He)
0.45%±0.2% methane (CH
4
)
0.0125%±0.0075% a-mó͘-ní-á (NH
3
)
0.0110%±0.0058% tiōng-chúi-sò͘-hòa chúi-sò͘ (HD)
0.0007%±0.00015% ethane (C
2
H
6
)
Peng:

Thó͘-chheⁿ ê hêng píⁿ-píⁿ, chhiah-tō kap ke̍k-tē ê ti̍t-kèng cheng-chha beh ū 10% (120,536 km tùi 108,728 km). Che sī in-ūi i chū-tńg ê sok-tō͘ kín, e̍k-thé ê sêng-hūn koân. Pa̍t-lia̍p khì-thé hêng-seng oan-nā ū sio-siâng ê hêng, m̄-koh bô hiah ke̍k-toan. Thó͘-chheⁿ mā sī Thài-iông-hē bi̍t-tō͘ siōng kài kē ê hêng-seng, pêng-kin ê specific bi̍t-tō͘ chiah 0.69, pí chúi ke chin kē. Chóng--sī che sī pêng-kin ê sò͘-ta̍t: tāi-khì-chân ê téng-pêng koh khah kē bi̍t-tō͘, ah i ê he̍k-sim ê bi̍t-tō͘ tō pí chúi ke chin koân.

Thó͘-chheⁿ siōng chhut-miâ ê te̍k-cheng kiám-chhái sī i ê khoân. Galileo Galilei tī 1610 nî iōng i ê chhian-lí-kiàⁿ tāi-seng khoàⁿ--tio̍h, m̄-koh i bô lí-kái hia ê mi̍h sī siaⁿh. Kàu-kah 1655 nî chiah ū Christiaan Huygens iōng 1-thò ke chin ū-la̍t ê chhian-lí-kiàⁿ, koat-tēng Thó͘-chheⁿ ū khoân kho͘ tī goā-bīn. 1675 nî Giovanni Domenico Cassini hoat-hiān hia ê khoân si̍t-chāi sī kúi-nā-ê khah iù ê khoân ha̍p chò-hoé ê, koh khoân kap khoân tiong-ng ū làng-phāng. Āu--lâi ū lâng kā siōng toā ê phāng hō i ê miâ, hō͘-chò Cassini Division.

Pioneer 11-hō tī 1979 nî poe oá Thó͘-chheⁿ. Kiâⁿ-chûn-chiá 1-hō (1980) kap Kiâⁿ-chûn-chiá 2-hō (1981) toè tī āu-piah. Cassini-Huygens thài-khong-chûn tī 2004 nî 7-goe̍h 1 poe ji̍p Thó͘-chheⁿ ê kúi-tō.

Thó͘-chheⁿ ū chin chē lia̍p goe̍h-niû, kî-tiong 30 lia̍p ū hō-miâ. Siông-sè ê sò͘-ba̍k oh koat-tēng, in-ūi se̍h thó͘-chheⁿ ê mi̍h ū bē-chió. Titan sī kui-ê thài-iông-hē î-it 1 lia̍p ū tāi-khì-chân ê goe̍h-niû.

Thài-iông-hē
Chheⁿ: Ji̍t-thâu
He̍k-chheⁿ: Chúi-chheⁿ | Kim-chheⁿ | Tē-kiû | Hóe-chheⁿ | Bo̍k-chheⁿ | Thó͘-chheⁿ | Thian-ông-chheⁿ | Hái-ông-chheⁿ
É-he̍k-chheⁿ: Ceres | Mê-ông-chheⁿ | Haumea | Makemake | Eris
Sió-bu̍t-thé: Sió-he̍k-chheⁿ | Hái-ông-chheⁿ goā chheⁿ-thé | Tn̂g-boé-chheⁿ
Oē-chheⁿ: Goe̍h-niû | Hoé-chheⁿ ê | Bo̍k-chheⁿ ê | Thó͘-chheⁿ ê | Thian-ông-chheⁿ ê | Hái-ông-chheⁿ ê
Tīn: Sió-he̍k-chheⁿ-toà | Kuiper-toà | Sàn-loān îⁿ-poâⁿ | Oort-hûn
Chhiáⁿ chham-khó thian-bûn bu̍t-thé, thài-iông-hē ê chheⁿ-thé lia̍t-toaⁿ, chiàu poàⁿ-kèng pâi iah sī chiàu chit-liōng pâi