Hóe-chheⁿ

Hóe-chheⁿ (火星, Eng-gí: Mars), mā tha̍k chò Hé-chhiⁿ, Hér-chhiⁿ, sī lán Thài-iông-hē tē 4 oá Ji̍t-thaû ê he̍k-chheⁿ. I khoàⁿ--khí-lâi âng-âng, choâⁿ-á mā hông kiò-chò Âng He̍k-chheⁿ (The Red Planet). Hoé-chheⁿ ū 2 lia̍p oē-chheⁿ, Phobos kap Deimos, lóng sè-sè lia̍p, hêng koh ku-koài, pún-té eng-tong sī sió-he̍k-chheⁿ.

Hóe-chheⁿ

Kúi-tō sèng-chit
Goân-kî J2000
Aphelion	249200000 km (154800000 mi; 1.666 AU)
Kīn-ji̍t-tiám	206700000 km (128400000 mi; 1.382 AU)
Pòaⁿ-tn̂g chhia-sim	227939200 km (141634900 mi; 1.523679 AU)
Lî-sim-lu̍t	6998934000000000000♠0.0934
Kúi-tō chiu-kî	686.971 d (1.88082 yr; 7002668599100000000♠668.5991 sols)
Hōe-ha̍p chiu-kî	779.96 d (2.1354 yr)
Pêng-kin kúi-tō sok-le̍k	24.007 km/s (86430 km/h; 53700 mph)
Pêng-kin kīn-tiám-kak	19.412°
Khi-pêng	6998322885911618951♠1.850° to ecliptic; 6998986111027376798♠5.65° the Sun's equator; 6998291469985083053♠1.67° to invariable plane
Seng-kau-tiám ê keng-tō͘	6999864950270703351♠49.558°
Time of periastron	2020-Aug-03
Hn̄g-tiám ê ín-sò͘	7000500040321354880♠286.502°
Ōe-chheⁿ	2
Bu̍t-lí sèn-chit
Pêng-kin poàn-kéng	3389.5 ± 0.2 km (2106.1 ± 0.1 mi)
Chhiah-tō poàn-kéng	3396.2 ± 0.1 km  (2110.3 ± 0.1 mi; 0.533 Earths)
Ke̍k-tē poàn-kéng	3376.2 ± 0.1 km (2097.9 ± 0.1 mi; 0.531 Earths)
Píⁿ-pêⁿ-lu̍t	6997589000000000000♠0.00589±0.00015
Piáu-bīn-chek	144798500 km2 (55907000 sq mi; 0.284 Earths)
Thé-chek	7020163180000000000♠1.6318×1011 km3 (0.151 Earths)
Chit-liōng	7023641710000000000♠6.4171×1023 kg (0.107 Earths)
Pêng-kin bi̍t-tō͘	3.9335 g/cm3 (0.1421 lb/cu in)
Piáu-bīn tiōng-le̍k	3.72076 m/s2 (12.2072 ft/s2; 0.3794 g)
Koàn-sèng in-chú ê lêng-lu̍t	6999366200000000000♠0.3662±0.0017
Thoat-cháu so̍k-tō͘	5.027 km/s (18100 km/h; 11250 mph)
Hêng-chheⁿ chū-choán chiu-kî	7004886426848000000♠1.025957 d 24h 37m 22.7s
Chhiah-tō chū-choán sok-tō͘	868.22 km/h (241.17 m/s; 868.22 km/h; 539.49 mph)
Chhia-sim khi-pêng	6999439648438577372♠25.19° to its orbital plane
Pak-ke̍k chhiah-keng	7000554458692594390♠317.68143° 21h 10m 44s
Pak-ke̍k chhiah-hūi	6999923043554855983♠52.88650°
Hoán-siā-lu̍t	0.170 geometric 0.25 Bond
Piáu-bīn un-tō͘ siōng-kē pêng-kin siōng-koân Kelvin 130 K 210 K 308 K Celsius −143 °C −63 °C 35 °C Fahrenheit −226 °F −82 °F 95 °F
Bêng-hián-tō͘	−2.94 to +1.86
Kak-ti̍t-kèng	3.5–25.1″
Tāi-khì-khoan
Piáu-bīn ap-le̍k	0.636 (0.4–0.87) kPa 0.00628 atm
Thé-chek cho͘-sêng	95.97% jī-sng-hòa thòaⁿ-sò͘ 1.93% argon 1.89% chek-sò͘ 0.146% sng-sò͘ 0.0557% it-sng-hoà thoàⁿ-sò͘ 0.0210% chúi-cheng-khì 0.0100% chek-sò͘ sng-hòa-bu̍t 0.00025% neon 0.00008% chúi-sò͘ kap tiōng-chúi-sò͘ ê sng-hòa-bu̍t 0.00003% krypton 0.00001% xenon

Goā-pō͘ liân-kiat

• NASA's Mars fact sheet
• Nine Planets Mars page
• MarsNews.com - News and info site
• Introduction to Martian topography, with Hubble Space Telescope photos Archived 2004-01-18 at the Wayback Machine.
• FU Berlin: HRSC (camera) experiment at Mars Express (eng. & ger.; press releases and high resolution images)
• Technical Notes about Time on Mars
• On Mars: Exploration of the Red Planet 1958-1978 from the NASA History Office.
• The Mars Society flag
• A Trip Into Space Photos and descriptions of Mars
• Martian Law - a CATO white paper
• Mars Unearthed - Comparisons of terrains between Earth and Mars
• 3D VRML Mars globe

Hoé-chheⁿ ê chúi

• Highly visible ice lake found on Mars - BBC
• Dr. Tony Phillips: "Making a Splash on Mars" Archived 2010-03-26 at the Wayback Machine., Science@NASA article, June 29, 2000. Phillips describes the Martian "gullies" and explains the conditions under which liquid water can exist on the surface of Mars.
• BBC News story on subsurface ice deposits on Mars
• BBC News update on Mars Express' findings of polar water ice and water-eroded features on the surface
• Mars Rover Scientists Wring Water Story from Rocks Archived 2004-10-31 at the Wayback Machine. This image taken by Mars Rover Opportunity shows microscopic rock forms indicating past signs of water. Courtesy: NASA
• BBC News Mars pictures reveal frozen sea

Hoé-chheⁿ thàm-hiám

• The Political Economy of Very Large Space Projects (Journal Of Evolution and Technology)
• exploreMarsnow Interactive Mars base simulation. Winner of 2003 Webby Award for Science.
• NASA Mars Exploration Rover Home Page
• Be on Mars Anaglyphs from the Mars Rovers (3D)

Chham-khó chu-liāu

• William Sheehan, The Planet Mars: A History of Observation and Discovery Archived 2009-06-01 at the Wayback Machine., The University of Arizona Press, Tucson, 1996
• Vladimir A. Krasnopolsky, Jean-Pierre Maillard, Tobias C. Owen, "Detection of Methane in the Martian Atmosphere: Evidence for Life Archived 2005-12-25 at the Wayback Machine."