 |
|
| Ki-pún sèng-chit |
|---|
| Miâ, hû-hō |
hafnium, Hf |
|---|
| Gōa-hêng |
steel gray |
|---|
| Hafnium tī chiu-kî-piáu lāi ê ūi-tì |
|---|
|
|
| Goân-chú-hoan |
72 |
|---|
| Goân-chú-liōng (±) |
178.49(2)[1] |
|---|
| Goân-sò͘ lūi-pia̍t |
kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k |
|---|
| Cho̍k, hun-khu |
4 cho̍k, d khu |
|---|
| Chiu-kî |
tē 6 chiu-kî |
|---|
| Tiān-chú pâi-lia̍t |
[Xe] 4f14 5d2 6s2 |
|---|
| per shell |
2, 8, 18, 32, 10, 2 |
|---|
| Bu̍t-lí sèng-chit |
|---|
| Siòng |
solid |
|---|
| Iûⁿ-tiám |
2506 K (2233 °C, 4051 °F) |
|---|
| Hut-tiám |
4876 K (4603 °C, 8317 °F) |
|---|
| Bi̍t-tō͘ (sek-un) |
13.31 g·cm−3 |
|---|
|
12 g·cm−3 |
| Iûⁿ-hoà-jia̍t |
27.2 kJ·mol−1 |
|---|
| Cheng-hoat-jia̍t |
648 kJ·mol−1 |
|---|
| Jia̍t-iông-liōng |
25.73 J·mol−1·K−1 |
|---|
cheng-khì-ap
| P (Pa)
|
1
|
10
|
100
|
1 k
|
10 k
|
100 k
| | tī T (K)
|
2689
|
2954
|
3277
|
3679
|
4194
|
4876
|
|
| Goân-chú sèng-chit |
|---|
| Sng-hòa-sò͘ |
4, 3, 2, 1, −2 (an amphoteric oxide) |
|---|
| Tiān-hū-tō͘ |
Pauling scale: 1.3 |
|---|
| Tiān-lī-lêng |
1st: 658.5 kJ·mol−1
2nd: 1440 kJ·mol−1
3rd: 2250 kJ·mol−1 |
|---|
| Goân-chú pòaⁿ-kèng |
empirical: 159 pm |
|---|
| Kiōng-kè pòaⁿ-kèng |
175±10 pm |
|---|
| Cha̍p-lio̍k |
|---|
| Chiⁿ-thé kò͘-chō |
hexagonal close-packed (hcp) |
|---|
| Siaⁿ-sok (sòe kùn-á) |
3010 m·s−1 (at 20 °C) |
|---|
| Jia̍t-phòng-tiòng |
5.9 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C) |
|---|
| Jia̍t-thoân-tō-lu̍t |
23.0 W·m−1·K−1 |
|---|
| Tiān-chó͘-lu̍t |
331 nΩ·m (at 20 °C) |
|---|
| Chû-sèng |
paramagnetic[2] |
|---|
| Young hē-sò͘ |
78 GPa |
|---|
| Shear hē-sò͘ |
30 GPa |
|---|
| Bulk hē-sò͘ |
110 GPa |
|---|
| Poisson pí |
0.37 |
|---|
| Mohs ngē-tō͘ |
5.5 |
|---|
| Vickers ngē-tō͘ |
1520–2060 MPa |
|---|
| Brinell ngē-tō͘ |
1450–2100 MPa |
|---|
| CAS teng-kì pian-hō |
7440-58-6 |
|---|
| Le̍k-sú |
|---|
| Hō-miâ |
after Hafnia. Latin for: Copenhagen, where it was discovered |
|---|
| Chhui-chhek |
Dmitri Mendeleev (1869) |
|---|
| Hoat-hiān kap siōng chá ê tông-ūi-sò͘ |
Dirk Coster and George de Hevesy (1922) |
|---|
| Chòe ún-tēng ê tông-ūi-sò͘ |
|---|
|
Chú bûn-chiong: hafnium ê tông-ūi-sò͘ |
| iso
|
NA
|
half-life
|
DM
|
DE (MeV)
|
DP
|
|---|
| 172Hf
|
syn
|
1.87 y
|
ε
|
0.350
|
172Lu
| | 174Hf
|
0.162%
|
2×1015 y
|
α
|
2.495
|
170Yb
| | 176Hf
|
5.206%
|
–
|
(α)
|
2.2550
|
172Yb
| | 177Hf
|
18.606%
|
–
|
(α)
|
2.2449
|
173Yb
| | 178Hf
|
27.297%
|
–
|
(α)
|
2.0832
|
174Yb
| | 178m2Hf
|
syn
|
31 y
|
IT
|
2.446
|
178Hf
| | 179Hf
|
13.629%
|
–
|
(α)
|
1.8065
|
175Yb
| | 180Hf
|
35.1%
|
–
|
(α)
|
1.2828
|
176Yb
| | 182Hf
|
trace
|
8.9×106 y
|
β−
|
0.373
|
182Ta
|
|
|
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed |
