Thulium

Thulium sī 1 ê hoà-ha̍k goân-sò͘. I ê goân-chú-hoan sī 69, hoà-ha̍k hû-hō sī Tm.

Thulium,  ₆₉Tm

Ki-pún sèng-chit
Miâ, hû-hō	thulium, Tm
Gōa-hêng	silvery gray
Thulium tī chiu-kî-piáu lāi ê ūi-tì
– ↑ Tm ↓ Md erbium ← thulium → ytterbium
Goân-chú-hoan	69
Goân-chú-liōng (±)	168.93422(2)
Goân-sò͘ lūi-pia̍t	lanthanum-hē
Cho̍k, hun-khu	n/a, f khu
Chiu-kî	tē 6 chiu-kî
Tiān-chú pâi-lia̍t	[Xe] 4f13 6s2
per shell	2, 8, 18, 31, 8, 2
Bu̍t-lí sèng-chit
Siòng	solid
Iûⁿ-tiám	1818 K ​(1545 °C, ​2813 °F)
Hut-tiám	2223 K ​(1950 °C, ​3542 °F)
Bi̍t-tō͘  (sek-un)	9.32 g·cm−3
8.56 g·cm−3
Iûⁿ-hoà-jia̍t	16.84 kJ·mol−1
Cheng-hoat-jia̍t	191 kJ·mol−1
Jia̍t-iông-liōng	27.03 J·mol−1·K−1
cheng-khì-ap P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k tī T (K) 1117 1235 1381 1570 (1821) (2217)
Goân-chú sèng-chit
Sng-hòa-sò͘	2, 3 ​(a basic oxide)
Tiān-hū-tō͘	Pauling scale: 1.25
Tiān-lī-lêng	1st: 596.7 kJ·mol−1 2nd: 1160 kJ·mol−1 3rd: 2285 kJ·mol−1
Goân-chú pòaⁿ-kèng	empirical: 176 pm
Kiōng-kè pòaⁿ-kèng	190±10 pm
Cha̍p-lio̍k
Chiⁿ-thé kò͘-chō	​hexagonal close-packed (hcp)
Jia̍t-phòng-tiòng	poly: 13.3 µm·m−1·K−1 (at r.t.)
Jia̍t-thoân-tō-lu̍t	16.9 W·m−1·K−1
Tiān-chó͘-lu̍t	poly: 676 nΩ·m (at r.t.)
Chû-sèng	paramagnetic (at 300 K)
Young hē-sò͘	74.0 GPa
Shear hē-sò͘	30.5 GPa
Bulk hē-sò͘	44.5 GPa
Poisson pí	0.213
Vickers ngē-tō͘	470–650 MPa
Brinell ngē-tō͘	470–900 MPa
CAS teng-kì pian-hō	7440-30-4
Le̍k-sú
Hō-miâ	after Thule, a mythical region in Scandinavia
Hoat-hiān kap siōng chá ê tông-ūi-sò͘	Per Teodor Cleve (1879)
Chòe ún-tēng ê tông-ūi-sò͘
Chú bûn-chiong: thulium ê tông-ūi-sò͘
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 167Tm syn 9.25 d ε 0.748 167Er 168Tm syn 93.1 d ε 1.679 168Er 169Tm 100% – (α) 1.2004 165Ho 170Tm syn 128.6 d β− 0.968 170Yb 171Tm syn 1.92 y β− 0.096 171Yb
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed