Kalium

Pún bûn-chiuⁿ sī koan-hē chi̍t-khoán hòa-ha̍k goân-sò͘. Chhōe kî-thaⁿ ēng-hoat, khòaⁿ Ka-lí.

Kalium, mā ū hō Ka-lí (加里) ia̍h-sī Phok-tah-só͘-bú (剥荅叟母), sī 1 ê hoà-ha̍k goân-sò͘. I ê goân-chú-hoan sī 19, hoà-ha̍k hû-hō sī K.

Kalium,  ₁₉K

Spectral lines of potassium
Ki-pún sèng-chit
Miâ, hû-hō	Kalium, K
Eng-bûn	potassium
Phian-miâ	kalium, ka-lí
Gōa-hêng	silvery gray
Kalium tī chiu-kî-piáu lāi ê ūi-tì
Na ↑ K ↓ Rb argon ← Kalium → khā-lú-siúm
Goân-chú-hoan	19
Goân-chú-liōng (±)	39.0983(1)
Goân-sò͘ lūi-pia̍t	kiⁿ-kim-sio̍k
Cho̍k, hun-khu	1 cho̍k, s khu
Chiu-kî	tē 4 chiu-kî
Tiān-chú pâi-lia̍t	[Ar] 4s1
per shell	2, 8, 8, 1
Bu̍t-lí sèng-chit
Siòng	kò͘-thé
Iûⁿ-tiám	336.7 K ​(63.5 °C, ​146.3 °F)
Hut-tiám	1032 K ​(759 °C, ​1398 °F)
Bi̍t-tō͘  (sek-un)	0.862 g·cm−3
0.828 g·cm−3
Lîm-kài-tiám	2223 K, 16 MPa
Iûⁿ-hoà-jia̍t	2.33 kJ·mol−1
Cheng-hoat-jia̍t	76.9 kJ·mol−1
Jia̍t-iông-liōng	29.6 J·mol−1·K−1
Goân-chú sèng-chit
Sng-hòa-sò͘	+1, −1 ​(a strongly basic oxide)
Tiān-hū-tō͘	Pauling scale: 0.82
Tiān-lī-lêng	1st: 418.8 kJ·mol−1 2nd: 3052 kJ·mol−1 3rd: 4420 kJ·mol−1 (more)
Goân-chú pòaⁿ-kèng	empirical: 227 pm
Kiōng-kè pòaⁿ-kèng	203±12 pm
Van der Waals pòaⁿ-kèng	275 pm
Cha̍p-lio̍k
Chiⁿ-thé kò͘-chō	​body-centered cubic (bcc)
Siaⁿ-sok (sòe kùn-á)	2000 m·s−1 (at 20 °C)
Jia̍t-phòng-tiòng	83.3 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C)
Jia̍t-thoân-tō-lu̍t	102.5 W·m−1·K−1
Tiān-chó͘-lu̍t	72 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Chû-sèng	paramagnetic
Young hē-sò͘	3.53 GPa
Shear hē-sò͘	1.3 GPa
Bulk hē-sò͘	3.1 GPa
Mohs ngē-tō͘	0.4
Brinell ngē-tō͘	0.363 MPa
CAS teng-kì pian-hō	7440-09-7
Le̍k-sú
Hoat-hiān kap siōng chá ê tông-ūi-sò͘	Humphry Davy (1807)
Chòe ún-tēng ê tông-ūi-sò͘
Chú bûn-chiong: Kalium ê tông-ūi-sò͘
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 39K 93.26% 39K is stable with 20 neutrons 40K 0.012% 1.248(3)×109 y β− 1.311 40Ca ε 1.505 40Ar β+ 1.505 40Ar 41K 6.73% 41K is stable with 22 neutrons