Wolfram

Wolfram, ia̍h kiò Tungsten, sī 1 ê hoà-ha̍k goân-sò͘. I ê goân-chú-hoan sī 74, hoà-ha̍k hû-hō sī W.

Wolfram,  ₇₄W

Ki-pún sèng-chit
Miâ, hû-hō	wolfram, W
Phian-miâ	tungsten
Gōa-hêng	grayish white, lustrous
Wolfram tī chiu-kî-piáu lāi ê ūi-tì
Mo ↑ W ↓ Sg tantalum ← wolfram → rhenium
Goân-chú-hoan	74
Goân-chú-liōng (±)	183.84(1)
Goân-sò͘ lūi-pia̍t	kòe-tō͘ kim-sio̍k
Cho̍k, hun-khu	6 cho̍k, d khu
Chiu-kî	tē 6 chiu-kî
Tiān-chú pâi-lia̍t	[Xe] 4f14 5d4 6s2
per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 12, 2
Bu̍t-lí sèng-chit
Siòng	kò͘-thé
Iûⁿ-tiám	3695 K ​(3422 °C, ​6192 °F)
Hut-tiám	6203 K ​(5930 °C, ​10,706 °F)
Bi̍t-tō͘  (sek-un)	19.25 g·cm−3
17.6 g·cm−3
Lîm-kài-tiám	13,892 K,  MPa
Iûⁿ-hoà-jia̍t	35.3 kJ·mol−1
Cheng-hoat-jia̍t	774 kJ·mol−1
Jia̍t-iông-liōng	24.27 J·mol−1·K−1
cheng-khì-ap P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k tī T (K) 3477 3773 4137 4579 5127 5823
Goân-chú sèng-chit
Sng-hòa-sò͘	6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, −1, −2, −4 ​(a mildly acidic oxide)
Tiān-hū-tō͘	Pauling scale: 2.36
Tiān-lī-lêng	1st: 770 kJ·mol−1 2nd: 1700 kJ·mol−1
Goân-chú pòaⁿ-kèng	empirical: 139 pm
Kiōng-kè pòaⁿ-kèng	162±7 pm
Cha̍p-lio̍k
Chiⁿ-thé kò͘-chō	​body-centered cubic (bcc)
Siaⁿ-sok (sòe kùn-á)	4620 m·s−1 (at r.t.) (annealed)
Jia̍t-phòng-tiòng	4.5 µm·m−1·K−1 (at 25 °C)
Jia̍t-thoân-tō-lu̍t	173 W·m−1·K−1
Tiān-chó͘-lu̍t	52.8 nΩ·m (at 20 °C)
Chû-sèng	paramagnetic
Young hē-sò͘	411 GPa
Shear hē-sò͘	161 GPa
Bulk hē-sò͘	310 GPa
Poisson pí	0.28
Mohs ngē-tō͘	7.5
Vickers ngē-tō͘	3430–4600 MPa
Brinell ngē-tō͘	2000–4000 MPa
CAS teng-kì pian-hō	7440-33-7
Le̍k-sú
Hō-miâ	from German wolfram
Hoat-hiān	Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1781)
Siōng chá hû-lî	Juan José Elhuyar and Fausto Elhuyar (1783)
Chòe ún-tēng ê tông-ūi-sò͘
Chú bûn-chiong: wolfram ê tông-ūi-sò͘
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 180W 0.12% 1.8×1018 y α 2.516 176Hf 181W syn 121.2 d ε 0.188 181Ta 182W 26.50% >1.7×1020 y (α) 1.772 178Hf 183W 14.31% >8×1019 y (α) 1.680 179Hf 184W 30.64% >1.8×1020 y (α) 1.123 180Hf 185W syn 75.1 d β− 0.433 185Re 186W 28.43% >4.1×1018 y (α) 1.656 182Hf (β−β−) – 186Os
Decay modes in parentheses are predicted, but have not yet been observed