Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok

Tang-a ê kok-ka
Chia kài-siāu ê sī tī 1912 nî kiàn-li̍p ê Tang-A kok-ka, nā 1949 í-āu Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok chèng-hú chú-iàu khòng-chè ê tē-khu, khòaⁿ "Tâi-oân"; nā 1949 nî kiàn-li̍p, chhú-tāi i sêng-ûi kok-chè-siōng it-poaⁿ jīn-ûi ê Tiong-kok, khòaⁿ "Tiong-hôa Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok"; nā khah hâm-hô͘ ê Tiong-kok kài-liām, khòaⁿ "Tiong-kok (iōng-gí)"

Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok (Hàn-jī: 中華民國; Eng-gí: Republic of China, kán-chheng ROC) sī tng-teh thóng-tī Tâi-oân, Phêⁿ-ô͘, Kim-mn̂g, Má-chó͘-tó kap hù-kīn sió-tó ê chèng-tī si̍t-thé, mā ū lâng kiò i "Tâi-oân". I ê chèng-hú chú-tiuⁿ Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok sī 1 ê chú-khoân kok-ka, m̄-koh sè-kài toā-pō͘-hūn ê kok-ka lóng bô kā sêng-jīm, pō͘-hūn Tâi-oân to̍k-li̍p ūn-tōng ê lí-lūn-ka mā bô tông-ì chit ê chú-tiuⁿ. Nā kóng tio̍h koè-khì, Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok bat sī í Tiong-kok tāi-lio̍k kah Tiong-kok-lâng chiàm chú-iāu pō͘-hūn ê kok-ka. 1912 nî, Tiong-kok-lâng thui-hoan Chheng-tè-kok, kiàn-li̍p Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok, M̄-kò tī 1949 nî, sìn kiōng-sán-chú-gī ê jîn-bîn kā chèng-hú thui-hoan. Í goân-pún tōa-hūn ê chū-bîn tī Tiong-kok tāi-lio̍k tiông-sin kiàn-li̍p Tiong-hôa Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok. Chhun--ê lâng tō kè-sio̍k í Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok ê miâ-gī, tī 1949 nî chó͘-iū hun-phoe so͘-khai kàu Tâi-oân têng khiā-khí.

Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok
中華民國
Tâi-oân kî-á
kok-kî
Tâi-oân kok-hui
kok-hui
Kok-koa: 中華民國國歌
"Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok Kok-koa"
kok-sú
Siú-to͘ Tâi-pak-chhī
Siāng-tōa siâⁿ-chhī Sin-pak-chhī
Koaⁿ-hong gí-giân Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Kok-gí [1]
Sêng-jīn ê kok-ka gí-giân Hôa-gí, Tâi-gí, Tâi-oân Kheh-ka-gí, Má-chó͘-oē, O͘-khiu-ōe, Tâi-oân Goân-chū-bîn-cho̍k-gí, Tâi-oân chhiú-gí
Chèng-hú tan-it-chè, poàn-chóng-thóng-chè, bîn-chú kiōng-hô-kok
• Chóng-thóng
Chhoà Eng-bûn
• Hù-chóng-thóng
Lōa Chheng-tek
• Hêng-chèng-īⁿ Īⁿ-tiúⁿ
Tân Kiàn-jîn
Li̍p-hoat ki-kò͘ Li̍p-hoat-īⁿ
Bīn-chek
• Lóng-chóng
36,197 km2 (13,976 sq mi)
Jîn-kháu
• 2021 nî kó͘-kè
23,451,837 (tē 56 miâ)
• 2010 nî phó͘-cha
23,123,866
• Bi̍t-tō͘
650/km2 (1,683.5/sq mi) (tē 10 miâ)
GDP (PPP) 2021 nî kó͘-kè
• Lóng-chóng
Increase $1.403 tiāu (tē 19 miâ)
• Pêng-kin
Increase $56,959 (tē 13 miâ)
GDP (bêng-gī) 2021 nî kó͘-kè
• Lóng-chóng
Increase $759.104 tiāu (tē 21 miâ)
• Pêng-kin
Increase $32,123 (tē 29 miâ)
Gini (2021 nî) Negative increase 34.1[2]
tiong
HDI (2021 nî) Increase 0.926[3]
chin ko · tē 19 miâ
Hoè-pè Sin-tâi-phiò (TWD)
Sî-khu UTC+8 (NST)
Sî-kan keh-sek
Siong-iōng tiān-goân 110 V–60 Hz
Khui-chhia hong-hiòng chiàⁿ-chhiú-pêng
Tiān-oē khu-hō +886
ISO 3166 tāi-hō TW
Siōng-téng domain .tw
.台灣
.台湾
Bāng-chām
www.gov.tw

Miâ-chheng siu-kái

Se-hong ê mûi-thé khah chē kā "Tâi-oân" tòng-chò sī "Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok" ê tông-gī-sû, ah "Tiong-kok" tòng-chò sī Tiong-hôa Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok ê kán-chheng. Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok ê tōa-pō͘-hūn mûi-thé kap chèng-hú mā kā "Tâi-oân", "Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok" tòng-chò sio-siâng, put-jî-kò mā sī ū pō͘-hūn mûi-thé kiò "Tiong-hôa Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok" chò "Tiong-kok". Tī Léng-chiàn sî-tāi, Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok mā hō͘-chò "Chū-iû Tiong-kok".

Tī kok-chè siōng, in-ūi m̄ sī phó͘-phiàn hō͘ lâng sêng-jīn ê chú-khoân kok-ka, tiāⁿ-tiāⁿ ko͘-put-jî-chiong, ēng kî-thaⁿ ê miâ lâi chham-ú kok-chè sū-bū, phì-lūn-kóng tī Kok-chè Olympic Úi-oân-hōe, hō-chò “Tiong-hôa Tâi-pak” (Eng-gí: Chinese Taipei), tī Sè-kài Bō͘-e̍k Cho͘-chit, hō-chò “Tâi Phêⁿ Kim Má Kok-pia̍t Koan-sòe Léng-he̍k” (Eng-gí: Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu).

Le̍k-sú siu-kái

Tùi 1911 nî khai-sí, Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok sêng-sio̍k Chheng Tè-kok ê thóng-tī, niá-thó͘ hoān-ûi pau-koat Se-chōng, Sin-kiang, Bông-kó͘, tān-sī kî-si̍t bô-hoat-tō͘ khòng-chè Se-chông

1921 nî Bōng-kó͘ soan-pò͘ thoat-lî Tiong-kok.

1949 nî Tiong-kok Kiōng-sán-tóng kong-chiàm Tiong-kok tāi-lio̍k, Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok chèng-hú hőng thui-hoan, thè-siú Tâi-oân-séng kah Hok-kiàn-séng ê Kim-mn̂g, Má-chó͘.

Niá-thó͘ siu-kái

Bōng-kó͘ tī 1922 nî soan-pò͘ to̍k-li̍p, jī-chhiáⁿ tit-tio̍h So͘-liân ê chi-chhî. Chóng--sī Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok ê chèng-hú kàu-kah 1945 nî chiah sêng-jīm, bô joā kú koh hoan-thâu m̄ kā sêng-jīm, it-ti̍t kàu 2003 nî Bîn-chìn-tóng chip-chèng ê sî-chūn chiah-koh kā sêng-jīm. Kóng sī "1945-nî í-keng sêng-jīm koè".

Kú-tn̂g í-lâi, it-poaⁿ jīn-ûi Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok ê hiàn-hoat "I kî kò͘-iú chi kiong-he̍k" (依其固有之疆域) ê niá-thó͘ hoān-ûi pau-hâm Bōng-kó͘ kap Tiong-hôa Jîn-bîn Kiōng-hô-kok jīn-tēng ê niá-thó͘ (mā pau-koat Tâi-oân).

Chèng-tī siu-kái

Tiong-iong chèng-hú siu-kái

Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Chèng-hú chhái-chhú ngó͘-koân hun-li̍p (五權分立) ê chè-tō͘, i ê tiong-iong chèng-hú ū chóng-thóng, Hêng-chèng-īⁿ, Li̍p-hoat-īⁿ, Su-hoat-īⁿ, Kàm-chhat-īⁿ kah Khó-chhì-īⁿ.

Tē-hng chū-tī siu-kái

Hêng-chèng-īⁿ
Ti̍t-hat-chhīSéng
Séng-hat-chhīKoān
Goân-chū-bîn khuKhuKoān-hat-chhīTìnHiongSoaⁿ-tē-hiong
Chhun
Lîn

Tē-hng chū-tī [zh] hong-bīn,Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok si̍t-chè koán-hat 2 ê séng (í-keng hi-kip-hòa) kap 6 ê ti̍t-hat-chhī:

Tē-tô͘ Sò͘ Koān-chhī Hàn-jī Eng-gí Jîn-kháu Bīn-chek Chèng-hú só͘-chāi
 
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
Ti̍t-hat-chhī (直轄市)
1 Ko-hiông-chhī 高雄市 Kaohsiung City 2,773,483 2,946.2671 Hōng-soaⁿ-khu
Lêng-ngá-khu
鳳山區
苓雅區
2 Sin-pak-chhī 新北市 New Taipei City 3,897,367 2,052.5667 Pang-kiô-khu 板橋區
3 Tâi-lâm-chhī 臺南市 Tainan City 1,873,794 2,191.6531 An-pêng-khu
Sin-iâⁿ-khu
安平區
新營區
4 Tâi-pak-chhī 臺北市 Taipei City 2,618,772 271.7997 Sìn-gī-khu 信義區
5 Tâi-tiong-chhī 臺中市 Taichung City 2,648,419 2,214.8968 Sai-tūn-khu 西屯區
6 Thô-hn̂g-chhī 桃園市 Taoyuan City 2,092,977 1,220.9540 Thô-hn̂g-khu 桃園區
Tâi-oân-séng (臺灣省/台灣省)
7 Ka-gī-chhī 嘉義市 Chiayi City 272,390 60.0256 Tang-khu 東區
8 Ke-lâng-chhī 基隆市 Keelung City 384,134 132.7589 Tiong-chèng-khu 中正區
9 Sin-tek-chhī 新竹市 Hsinchu City 415,344 104.1526 Pak-khu 北區
10 Biâu-le̍k-koān 苗栗縣 Miaoli County 560,968 1,820.3149 Biâu-le̍k-chhī 苗栗市
11 Chiong-hòa-koān 彰化縣 Changhua County 1,307,286 1,074.3960 Chiang-hòa-chhī 彰化市
12 Gî-lân-koān 宜蘭縣 Yilan County 460,486 2,143.6251 Gî-lân-chhī 宜蘭市
13 Hoa-liân-koān 花蓮縣 Hualien County 338,805 4,628.5714 Hoa-liân-chhī 花蓮市
14 Hûn-lîm-koān 雲林縣 Yunlin County 717,653 1,290.8326 Táu-la̍k-chhī 斗六市
15 Ka-gī-koān 嘉義縣 Chiayi County 543,248 1,903.6367 Thài-pó-chhī 太保市
16 Lâm-tâu-koān 南投縣 Nantou County 526,491 4,106.4360 Lâm-tâu-chhī 南投市
17 Pîn-tong-koān 屛東縣 Pingtung County 873,509 2,775.6003 Pîn-tong-chhī 屏東市
18 Phêⁿ-ô͘-koān 澎湖縣 Penghu County 96,918 126.8641 Má-keng-chhī 馬公市
19 Sin-tek-koān 新竹縣 Hsinchu County 513,015 1,427.5369 Tek-pak-chhī 竹北市
20 Tâi-tang-koān 臺東縣 Taitung County 230,673 3,515.2526 Tâi-tang-chhī 臺東市
██ = Ti̍t-hat-chhī (直轄市)
██ = Séng-hat-chhī (省轄市,市)
██ = Koān (縣)
Hok-kiàn-séng (福建省)
21 Kim-mn̂g-koān 金門縣 Kinmen County 97,364 151.6560 Kim-siâⁿ-tìn 金城鎮
22 Liân-kang-koān 連江縣 Lienchiang County 9,944 28.8000 Lâm-kan-hiong 南竿鄉

Gōa-kau siu-kái

Bo̍k-chiân, Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok ū 13 ê pang-kau-kok.[4]

Kok-hông siu-kái

Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Kok-kun sī Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok ê bú-chong le̍k-liōng.

Siā-hōe siu-kái

Cho̍k-kûn siu-kái

Gí-giân siu-kái

Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Hiàn-hoat bô kui-tēng koaⁿ-hong gí-giân. Sui-jiân Kok-ka Gí-giân Hoat-tián Hoat kui-tēng, Hôa-gí, Tâi-gí, Kheh-ka-gí kah Goân-chū-bîn-cho̍k gí-giân lóng sī kok-ka gí-giân, m̄-koh Hoâ-gí (koh hō͘-chò Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Kok-gí) sī si̍t-chè-siōng î-it ê koaⁿ-hong gí-giân.

Koh khoàⁿ siu-kái

 

Wikimedia Commons téng ê siong-koan tóng-àn: Tiong-hoâ Bîn-kok

Chham-khó bûn-hiàn siu-kái

  1. 行政院新聞傳播處 2016年, 第10至11頁; 中央情報局 2023年; John C. Copper 2023年.
  2. "5.主要國家所得分配概況" (ēng Hôa-gí). Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Kok-ka Hoat-tián Úi-oân-hōe. Goân-pún bāng-ia̍h Pó-chûn tī 2023-02-12. 2023-03-29 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  3. 潘姿羽 (2022-10-16). "2021年人類發展指數 台灣排名全球19超越日韓" (ēng Hôa-gí). 中央通訊社. Goân-pún bāng-ia̍h Pó-chûn tī 2023-02-12. 2023-03-29 khòaⁿ--ê. 
  4. "邦交國". 中華民國外交部 (ēng Hôa-gí). 2023-12-22. 2024-01-13 khòaⁿ--ê.