Hut-sò͘

Hut-sò͘ (弗素, Eng-gí: Fluorine), sī só·-ū í-keng chāi-iáⁿ ê goân-sò· lāi-té siāng-ū oa̍h-sèng--ê, só·-í tī tāi-chū-jiân i lóng-sī í hut-hòa-bu̍t (fluoride) ê hêng-thāi chûn-chāi. Hut-khì (氟氣, F₂) ē chhim-se̍k po-lê kap chio̍h-eng, mā-ē tì-sú to-sò· ê kim-sio̍k sio--khí-lâi. Hut-khì kan-na ē-sái tû-chûn tiàm bó· chi̍t-chióng tâng kap ni-ké-luh ê ha̍p-kim chè-sêng ê iông-khì, sui-bóng i iah-sī ē kah chit-chióng ha̍p-kim choh-iōng, m̄-koh ē tī piáu-bīn hêng-sêng 1-têng pó-hō·-têng, hông-chí kim-sio̍k chìn-chi̍t-pō· koh sán-seng hoán-èng.

Hut-sò͘,  ₉F

Liquid fluorine at cryogenic temperatures
Ki-pún sèng-chit
Miâ, hû-hō	hut-sò͘, F
Eng-bûn	fluorine
Tông-sò͘-thé	alpha, beta
Gōa-hêng	gas: very pale yellow liquid: bright yellow solid: alpha is opaque, beta is transparent
Hut-sò͘ tī chiu-kî-piáu lāi ê ūi-tì
– ↑ F ↓ Cl sng-sò͘ ← hut-sò͘ → ne-óng
Goân-chú-hoan	9
Goân-chú-liōng (±)	18.998403163(6)
Goân-sò͘ lūi-pia̍t	siang-goân-chú hui-kim-sio̍k
Cho̍k, hun-khu	17 cho̍k, p khu
Chiu-kî	tē 2 chiu-kî
Tiān-chú pâi-lia̍t	[He] 2s2 2p5
per shell	2, 7
Bu̍t-lí sèng-chit
Siòng	khì-thé
Iûⁿ-tiám	53.48 K ​(−219.67 °C, ​−363.41 °F)
Hut-tiám	85.03 K ​(−188.11 °C, ​−306.60 °F)
Bi̍t-tō͘ at stp (0 °C and 101.325 kPa)	1.696 g·L−1
1.505 g·cm−3
Sam-siòng-tiám	53.48 K, ​90 kPa
Lîm-kài-tiám	144.41 K, 5.1724 MPa
Cheng-hoat-jia̍t	6.51 kJ·mol−1
Jia̍t-iông-liōng	Cp: 31 J·mol−1·K−1 (at 21.1 °C) Cv: 23 J·mol−1·K−1 (at 21.1 °C)
cheng-khì-ap P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k tī T (K) 38 44 50 58 69 85
Goân-chú sèng-chit
Sng-hòa-sò͘	−1 ​(oxidizes oxygen)
Tiān-hū-tō͘	Pauling scale: 3.98
Tiān-lī-lêng	1st: 1681 kJ·mol−1 2nd: 3374 kJ·mol−1 3rd: 6147 kJ·mol−1 (more)
Kiōng-kè pòaⁿ-kèng	64 pm
Van der Waals pòaⁿ-kèng	135 pm
Cha̍p-lio̍k
Chiⁿ-thé kò͘-chō	​cubic
Jia̍t-thoân-tō-lu̍t	0.02591 W·m−1·K−1
Chû-sèng	diamagnetic (−1.2×10−4)
CAS teng-kì pian-hō	7782-41-4
Le̍k-sú
Hō-miâ	after the mineral fluorite, itself named after Latin fluo (to flow, in smelting)
Hoat-hiān	André-Marie Ampère (1810)
Siōng chá hû-lî	Henri Moissan (June 26, 1886)
hō-miâ	Humphry Davy
Chòe ún-tēng ê tông-ūi-sò͘
Chú bûn-chiong: hut-sò͘ ê tông-ūi-sò͘
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 18F trace 109.77 min β+ (96.9%) 0.634 18O ε (3.1%) 1.656 18O 19F 100% 19F is stable with 10 neutrons

Hoà-ha̍p-bu̍t

Hut-sò͘ kóng-hoàn hun-pò͘ tī chū-jiân-kài, tē-khak ū 0.032% (320 ppm) sī i lâi cho͘-sêng. Hut-sò͘ kah kim-sio̍k hêng-sêng hòa-ha̍p-bu̍t, chia-ê hut-hòa-bu̍t tāi-pō͘-hūn ē iôⁿ tī chúi--nih, m̄-koh a-lú-mih, iân, khó͘-thó͘, Khā-lú-siúm téng ê hut-hòa-bu̍t tio̍h sio̍k-î bē iôⁿ he̍k pháiⁿ iôⁿ î chúi.

Êng-chio̍h (螢石, fluorite) he̍k hut-hoà khā-lú-siúm (fluorspar, CaF₂) sī chú-iàu hâm hut-sò͘ ê khòng-bu̍t, kî-tiong hut-sò͘ tāi-iok chiàm 48.8%, ah peng-cheng-chio̍h (冰晶石, cryolite) he̍k hexafluoroaluminate-sng natrium (Sodium hexafluoroaluminate, Na₃AlF₆) sī khah-chió khòaⁿ--kìⁿ ê hâm-hut khòng-bu̍t, khiok-sī lī kang-gia̍p lāi-té pit-iàu ê goân-bu̍t-liāu.

Hut-sò͘-lîn-hoe-chio̍h (弗素燐灰石, fluorapatite, Ca₁₀[PO₄]F₂) sī lîn-sng-chio̍h ê chú-iàu sêng-hun, sī lîn-pûi ê goân-bu̍t-liāu, kî-tiong hut-sò͘ chiàm 3.8%.

In-ūi hut-sò͘ phó͘-phiàn chûn-chāi tī tē-khak, tē-kiû siōng só͘-ū hêng-sek ê chúi lóng-ū bô-kâng lông-tō͘ ê fluorine. Hut-sò͘ tī ím-iōng-chúi ê lông-tō͘, tī Bí-kok sī khah-chió î 0.1 ppm kàu 16 ppm, tī Eng-kok sī khah-chió î 0.1 ppm kàu 5.8 ppm, ah tī Hui-chiu bó͘ chi̍t-kóa só͘-chāi sīm-chì ē koân kàu 95 ppm. Tī hái-chúi--nih hut-sò͘ ê lông-tō͘ sī 0.8 ppm kàu 1.4 ppm.