Tâi-oân ê hêng-chèng-khu
| 這篇文章有漢字兮版本。 參考這篇文章兮漢字版本。 |
| Tâi-oân |
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Khài-hóng
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 Tâi-oân chú-tê
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Tâi-oân ê hêng-chèng-khu ùi Hô-lân kap Se-pan-gâ thóng-tī sî-kî khai-sí, Se-pan-gâ-lâng bat tī Pak Tâi-oân siat-tì kòe 3 ê séng (provincia). Hiān-kim chú-iàu kin-kì Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Chèng-hú ê siong-koan hoat-lu̍t kui-tēng, ōe-hun 1 ê séng (Tâi-oân), 6 ê ti̍t-hat-chhī (Tâi-pak, Sin-pak, Thô-hn̂g, Tâi-tiong, Tâi-lâm, Ko-hiông), kî-tiong Tâi-oân-séng ē-kha thóng-hat 11 ê koān kap 3 ê chhī.
Chit-má ê hêng-chèng-khu
| Tē-tô͘ | No. | Miâ | Thóng-hat | Hêng-chèng tiong-sim |
Biān-chek（km²） | Jîn-kháu | Siú-tiúⁿ | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lio̍k-he̍k | Hái-he̍k | |||||||
.svg) 1 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 |
Séng | |||||||
| - | Tâi-oân | 3 chhī 11 koān |
Lâm-tâu | 25110.0037 | 40837.0399 | 6,918,402 | bô | |
| Ti̍t-hat-chhī | ||||||||
| 1 | Tâi-pak | 12 khu | Sìn-gī | 271.7997 | 0 | 2,493,210 | Chiúⁿ Bān-an | |
| 2 | Sin-pak | 29 khu | Pang-kiô | 2052.5667 | 2966.7265 | 4,047,112 | Hâu Iú-gî | |
| 3 | Thô-hn̂g | 13 khu | Thô-hn̂g | 1220.9540 | 1,130.2383 | 2,336,764 | Tiuⁿ Siān-chèng | |
| 4 | Tâi-tiong | 29 khu | Sai-tūn | 2214.8968 | 1,663.7394 | 2,858,958 | Lô͘ Siù-iàn | |
| 5 | Tâi-lâm | 37 khu | An-pêng Sin-iâⁿ |
2191.6531 | 2,592.7310 | 1,858,873 | N̂g Uí-tiat | |
| 6 | Ko-hiông | 38 khu | Lêng-ngá Hōng-soaⁿ |
2951.8524 | 2,726.8354 | 2,731,891 | Tân Kî-māi | |
| Koān-chhī | ||||||||
| 7 | Ke-lâng | 7 khu | Tiong-chèng | 132.7589 | 3,585.4177 | 361,497 | Siā Kok-liông | |
| 8 | Sin-tek | 3 khu | Pak-khu | 104.1526 | 387.5623 | 457,328 | Khu Sîn-oán (tāi-lí) | |
| 9 | Ka-gī | 2 khu | Tang-khu | 60.0256 | 0 | 262,365 | N̂g Bín-hūi | |
| 10 | Sin-tek | 1 chhī 3 tìn 9 hiong |
Tek-pak | 1427.5369 | 333.9971 | 594,181 | Iûⁿ Bûn-kho | |
| 11 | Biâu-le̍k | 2 chhī 5 tìn 11 hiong |
Biâu-le̍k | 1820.3149 | 1,741.4762 | 533,063 | Cheng Tong-kím | |
| 12 | Chiong-hòa | 2 chhī 6 tìn 18 hiong |
Chiong-hòa | 1074.3960 | 3,313.6481 | 1,226,560 | Ông Hūi-bí | |
| 13 | Lâm-tâu | 1 chhī 4 tìn 8 hiong |
Lâm-tâu | 4106.4360 | 0 | 472,727 | Khó͘ Siok-hôa | |
| 14 | Hûn-lîm | 1 chhī 5 tìn 14 hiong |
Táu-la̍k | 1290.8326 | 1,220.4274 | 658,831 | Tiuⁿ Lē-siān | |
| 15 | Ka-gī | 2 chhī 2 tìn 14 hiong |
Thài-pó | 1903.6367 | 336.1701 | 479,129 | Ang Chiong-niû | |
| 16 | Pîn-tong | 1 chhī 3 tìn 29 hiong |
Pîn-tong | 2775.6003 | 5,771.4292 | 789,706 | Chiu Chhun-bí | |
| 17 | Gî-lân | 1 chhī 3 tìn 8 hiong |
Gî-lân | 2143.6251 | 2,145.3078 | 449,254 | Lîm Chu-miāu | |
| = Ti̍t-hat-chhī = (Séng-hat)-chhī = (Séng-hat)-koān |
18 | Hoa-liân | 1 chhī 2 tìn 10 hiong |
Hoa-liân | 4628.5714 | 2,790.9131 | 315,581 | Chhî Chin-ùi |
| 19 | Tâi-tang | 1 chhī 2 tìn 13 hiong |
Tâi-tang | 3515.2526 | 11,274.6894 | 210,272 | Jiâu Khèng-lêng | |
| 20 | Phêⁿ-ô͘ | 1 chhī 5 hiong |
Má-keng | 126.8641 | 7,936.0015 | 107,908 | Tân Kong-ho̍k | |
Tâi-oân-séng
Tâi-oân-séng bo̍k-chiân iû Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Chèng-hú Hêng-chèng-īⁿ koán-hat. Kin-kì 2000 nî Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Hiàn-hoat Cheng-siu Tiâu-bûn ê kui-tēng, "séng" put-chài sī tē-hng chū-tī thoân-thé, séng chèng-hú iû tē-hng chū-tī thoân-thé ê hêng-chèng ki-koan choán-hêng chòe tiong-iong chèng-hú ê phài-chhut ki-koan, chiâⁿ-chòe "hi-kip-séng" (虛級省). Tâi-oân-séng ōe chòe 11 ê koān kap 3 ê chhī, Tâi-oân-séng Chèng-hú siat tī Lâm-tâu-koān Lâm-tâu-chhī ê Tiong-heng Sin-chhun. 2018-nî 7-goe̍h, séng-kip ki-koan khù-jīm-bū-hòa, só͘-í ùi 2018-nî khai-sí Tiong-hôa-bîn-kok tio̍h bô séng-chú-se̍k chit-ê chit-ūi ah.
Ti̍t-hat-chhī
Ti̍t-hat-chhī sī tē-hng chū-tī thoân-thé, ti̍t-chiap lē-sio̍k tī Hêng-chèng-īⁿ, jîn-kháu chū-ki ta̍t 125-bān lâng í-siōng, koh tī chèng-tī, keng-chè, bûn-hòa kap to͘-hōe khu-he̍k hoat-tián siōng, ū te̍k-sû su-iàu ê tē-khu, thang-hó siat-tì ti̍t-hat-chhī. Ti̍t-hat-chhī ē-kha hun-siat khu, khu ê ē-kha koh ū siat lí, lí ê ē-kha koh ū siat lîn (鄰).
- Bo̍k-chiân Tâi-oân ū Tâi-pak, Sin-pak, Thô-hn̂g, Tâi-tiong, Tâi-lâm, Ko-hiông téng 6 ê ti̍t-hat-chhī.
Koān
Koān tī 1998 nî cheng-séng (精省) chìn-chêng bat sio̍k tī séng chèng-hú, chit-má khòaⁿ gia̍p-bū, hun-pia̍t siū Khu-he̍k Liân-ha̍p Ho̍k-bū Tiong-sim kap Hêng-chèng-īⁿ kok pō͘-hōe chù tiong-pō͘ pān-kong-sek koán-hat. Koān ê ē-kha ū siat-tì hiong, tìn kap chhī.
- Bo̍k-chiân Tâi-oân ū 11 ê koān
Chhī
Chhī hām koān kāng kip, kū hoat-kui lāi kiò-chòe "séng-hat-chhī" (省轄市); cheng-séng chêng bat lē-sio̍k tī séng chèng-hú, chit-má khòaⁿ gia̍p-bū, hun-pia̍t siū Hêng-chèng-īⁿ kok pō͘-hōe chù tiong-pō͘ pān-kong-sek kap Khe-he̍k Liân-ha̍p Ho̍k-bū Tiong-sim koán-hat. Jîn-kháu chū-ki ta̍t 50-bān í-siōng bī-boán 125-bān lâng, koh tī chèng-tī, keng-chè kap bûn-hòa siōng tē-ūi tiōng-iàu ê tē-khu thang-hó siat-tì chhī. Chhī ê ē-kha koh ū siat khu, khu ê ē-kha koh ū siat lí, lí ê ē-kha koh ū siat lîn.
Hiong, tìn, chhī, khu
Hiong, tìn, koān-hat-chhī, khu sī 4 chióng hêng-chèng ūi-kai sio-kāng ia̍h sio-siâng ê hêng-chèng-khu miâ-hō. Hiong, tìn, koān-hat-chhī sī koān ē-kha ê ōe-hun, sī tē-hng chū-tī thoân-thé, ū in ka-kī ê siú-tiúⁿ soán-kí, bîn-ì ki-koan, chū-tī châi-goân téńg. Hoat-kui kui-tēng jîn-kháu chū-ki ta̍t 10-bān í-siōng bī-boán 30-bān lâng, koh kang-siang-gia̍p hoat-ta̍t, chū-tī châi-goân liōng-siōng, kau-thong lī-piān kap kong-kiōng si-siat oân-choân ê tē-khu, thang-hó siat-tì koān-hat-chhī; tùi hiong kap tìn bô kui-tēng siat-li̍p ê piau-chún. Khu sī ti̍t-hat-chhī ia̍h-sī chhī ē-kha ê ōe-hun, m̄-sī chū-tī thoân-thé, hêng-chèng siú-tiúⁿ iû só͘-sio̍k chhī-tiúⁿ chí-phài, bô bîn-ì ki-koan.
- Bo̍k-chiân Tâi-oân lóng-chóng ū 368 ê hiong, tìn, chhī kap khu: 146 hiong, 38 tìn, 14 koān-hat-chhī, 170 khu.
Le̍k-sú kap iân-kek
1661 nî Tēⁿ Sêng-kong chiàm-niá Lâm Tâi-oân, 5 goe̍h chiàm Provintia Siâⁿ, kái Chhiah-khàm chòe Tang-to͘ Bêng-kiaⁿ (東都明京), chóng tē-hō-miâ Tang-to͘ (東都). Siat-tì 1 ê hú (府) kap 2 ê koān (縣), í Sin-káng-khe (taⁿ ê Kiâm-chúi-khe) chòe hun-kài, pak-pêng sio̍k tī Thian-heng-koān, lâm-pêng sio̍k tī Bān-liân-koān; lēng-gōa siat-tì 1 su (司) kiò Phêⁿ-ô͘ An-hú-su. Tēⁿ Seng-kong kòe-sin liáu-āu, in hau-seⁿ Tēⁿ Keng kái Tang-to͘ chòe Tang-lêng (東寧), koh tī Sêng-thian-hú téng-bīn siat chi̍t ê Tang-lêng Chóng-chè-hú. Lēng-gōa koh kā Thian-heng-koān kap Bān-liân-koān seng-keh chòe Thian-heng-chiu kap Bān-liân-chiu. Tû-liáu goân-té ê Phêⁿ-ô͘ An-hú-su, koh ke siat Pak-lō͘ An-hú-su kap Lâm-lō͘ An-hú-su. Ki-chân hêng-chèng-khu ê pō͘-hūn, Sêng-thian-hú ē-kha ū 4 ê hong (坊) kap 1 ê tìn (鎮), Thian-heng-chiu ē-kha ū 13 ê lí (里), Bān-liân-chiu ū 11 ê lí, An-hú-su ē-kha ū 4 ê siā (社) thóng-tī goân-chū-bîn.
Tâi-hā-tō sî-kî
Chheng-tiâu Khong-hi nî kan kā Tâi-oân la̍p-ji̍p Tiong-kok pán-tô͘ liáu-āu, siat-li̍p liáu Tâi-hā-tō (臺廈道), hām Ē-mn̂g kap chòe-hóe, iā lē-sio̍k tī hit-tang-chūn ê Hok-kiàn-séng. Tâi-oân-tó hong-bīn, siat 1 ê hú (府) kap 3 ê koān (縣). Chóng-koán Ē-mn̂g kap Tâi-oân ê Tâi-hā-tō Tō-sú siat tī Ē-mn̂g, ah Tâi-oân-hú siat tī Tâi-lâm. Ki-chân hêng-chèng-khu iân-si̍p Tang-lêng sî-tāi, kok koān ē-kha ōe-hun pó-lí-hiong-ò, thóng-hat ē-kha ê chū-jiân-chhun téng-kip ê ke-chng-siā-hiong.
1684 nî (Khong-hi 23 nî) Tâi-hā-tō ē-kha siat 1 hú 3 koān: Sin-káng-khe (taⁿ ê Kiâm-chúi-khe) pak-pêng sī Chu-lô-koān, Sin-káng-khe kap Jī-jîn-khe tiong-kan sī Tâi-oân-koān, Jī-jîn-khe lâm-pêng sī Hōng-soaⁿ-koān. 1723 nî (Eng-chèng goân-nî) Tâi-hā-tō ē-kha siat 1 hú 4 koān: kā Chu-lô-koān ê Hó͘-bóe-khe pak-pêng ke siat Chiong-hòa-koān.
Tâi-oân-tō sî-kî
1727 nî (Eng-chèng 5 nî) Tâi-hā-tō ê Tâi-oân-hú pō͘-hūn chèng-sek hām Ē-mn̂g hun-lī, sêng-li̍p Tâi-oân-tō (臺灣道), tō-sú (道署) siat tī Tâi-oân-koān,[1] siat 1 hú 4 koān 2 thiaⁿ (廳). 1731 nî (Eng-chèng 9 nî) Chiong-hòa-koān tī Tāi-kah-khe pak-pêng ê pō͘-hūn kui-sio̍k tī Tām-chúi-thiaⁿ. 1787 nî (Khiân-liông 52 nî) pêng-tēng Lîm Sóng-bûn khí-sū liáu-āu, kā Chu-lô-koān kái chòe Ka-gī-koān. 1811 nî (Ka-khèng 16 nî) ke siat Kat-má-lân-thiaⁿ.
1875 nî (Kong-sū goân-nî) hun pak-pō͘ chòe Tâi-pak-hú, koán-hat Gî-lân-koān, Ke-lâng-thiaⁿ, Tām-chúi-koān, Sin-tek-koān; Tâi-oân-hú koán-hat Tâi-oân-koān, Ka-gī-koān, Hōng-soaⁿ-koān, Chiong-hòa-koān, Phêⁿ-ô͘-koān, Hêng-chhun-koān, Pi-lâm-thiaⁿ, Po͘-lí-siā-thiaⁿ; Tâi-oân-tō lóng-chóng siat 2 hú 8 koān 5 thiaⁿ.
Hok-kiàn Tâi-oân-séng sî-kî
1885 nî (Kong-sū 11 nî) Tâi-oân kiàn-séng, siat 1 tō 2 hú 8 koān 5 thiaⁿ. 1887 nî (Kong-sū 13 nî) Tâi-oân chiah to̍k-li̍p siat séng, in-ūi hām Hok-kiàn-séng koh ū pō͘-hūn hêng-chèng gia̍p-bū, só͘-í koaⁿ-hong chèng-sek miâ-chheng hō-chòe Hok-kiàn Tâi-oân-séng, m̄-koh it-poaⁿ kiò hun-khui liáu-āu ê Tâi-oân "Tâi-oân-séng"; kiàn-séng āu ê séng-siâⁿ soán tī goân Chiong-hòa-koān Kiô-á-tô͘ (橋仔圖), taⁿ ê Tâi-tiong-chhī, séng-siâⁿ só͘-chāi siat Tâi-oân-hú kap Tâi-oân-koān, ah goân-lâi ê Tâi-oân-hú kái kiò Tâi-lâm-hú, goân-lâi ê Tâi-oân-koān kái kiò An-pêng-koān; choân-séng lóng-chóng siat 1 tō 3 hú 11 koān 3 thiaⁿ 1 ti̍t-lē-chiu. 1894 nî (Kong-sū 20 nî) Tâi-pak-hú ke siat Lâm-ngá-thiaⁿ, koh kā séng-siâⁿ sóa khì Tâi-pak-hú Tām-chúi-koān, Tâi-oân chiâⁿ-chòe 3 hú 11 koān 4 thiaⁿ 1 ti̍t-lē-chiu.
Tâi-oân Ji̍t-pún sî-tāi ê hêng-chèng-khu, lóng-chóng keng-le̍k 10 kái keng-tōng. Kî-tiong chiàu ōe-hun ê hong-sek hun chòe 3 ê sî-kî, ùi 1895 nî ê 3 koān 1 thiaⁿ khai-sí, chiām-chiām tī koān kap thiaⁿ ê sò͘-ba̍k téng cheng-kiám; lo̍h-bóe tī 1901 nî kā koān hòe-tû, choân Tâi siat 20 ê thiaⁿ; 8 nî āu, piàn 12 ê thiaⁿ; chòe-āu tī 1920 nî kái chòe 5 chiu 2 thiaⁿ.
Koān, thiaⁿ sî-kî
Ji̍t-pún iáu-bōe chiap-siu sî chiū í-keng kui-ōe beh kā Tâi-oân goân-lâi ê 3 hú kái chòe 3 koān, goân 3 koān ē-kha ê koān, thiaⁿ kái chòe chi-thiaⁿ (支廳); lēng-gōa, goân-pún hām hú kāng kip ê Tâi-tang Ti̍t-lē-chiu kàng-kip chòe Tâi-lâm-koān ē-kha ê chi-thiaⁿ, iā kā Phêⁿ-ô͘-thiaⁿ seng-keh chòe hām koān kāng kip ê Phêⁿ-ô͘-tó-thiaⁿ, Tâi-lâm-hú ê Ka-gī-koān kái chòe tī Tâi-oân-koān ē-kha ê chi-thiaⁿ. Si̍t-chè khai-sí chiap-siu āu in-ūi cho-gū tio̍h hoán-khòng, Tâi-oân kap Tâi-lâm 2 ê koān bô-hoat-tō͘ si̍t-si, só͘-í chiām-sî ēng phài-chhut sèng-chit ê bîn-chèng chi-pō͘ (民政支部), chi-thiaⁿ chiām-sî ēng chhut-tiuⁿ-só͘ (出張所). 1896 nî pêng-tēng Tâi-oân kok-tē hoán-khòng liáu-āu, kā goân kui-ōe si̍t-si, kî-tiong Tâi-oân Bîn-chèng Chi-pō͘ kái-miâ chòe Tâi-tiong-koān, i ē-kha ê Ka-gī Chhut-tiuⁿ-só͘ kái tńg-khì iû Tâi-lâm-koān thóng-hat.
1897 nî kā choân Tâi kái chòe 6 koān 3 thiaⁿ: Tâi-pak-koān, Sin-tek-koān, Tâi-tiong-koān, Ka-gī-koān, Tâi-lâm-koān, Hōng-soaⁿ-koān, gî-lân-thiaⁿ, Tâi-tang-thiaⁿ, Phêⁿ-ô͘-thiaⁿ, hòe-tû chi-thiaⁿ, kái chòe pān-bū-sú (辨務署), choân Tâi lóng-chóng ū 78 ê pān-bū-sú; goân Chheng-tiâu sî-tāi ê pó-lí-hiong-ò iā chiām-chiām sit-khì hêng-chèng-khu ê kong-lêng, chiâⁿ-chòe tē-che̍k, hō͘-che̍k ê khu-ōe tan-ūi; 1898 nî in-ūi châi-chèng khùn-lân, kā 6 koān kái tó-tńg 3 koān, pān-bū-sú sok-kiám chòe 39 ê, Phêⁿ-ô͘, Tâi-tang 2 thiaⁿ ê pān-bū-sú kái chòe chhut-tiuⁿ-só͘. Lo̍h-nóe pān-bū-sú chiām-chiām sok-kiám, kàu 1900 nî chhun 24 ê. 1901 nî Hêng-chhun-thiaⁿ ùi Tâi-lâm-koān to̍k-li̍p chhut-lâi, iā kā Gî-lân, Hêng-chhun 2 thiaⁿ ē-kha ê pān-nū-sú kái chòe chhut-tiuⁿ-só͘.
Thiaⁿ-chè sî-kî
1901 nî té hòe-tû 3 koān, kā i ē-kha ê pān-bū-sú seng-keh chòe thiaⁿ (pō͘-hūn ū chéng-pēng), choân Tâi ka-siōng goân-pún ê 4 thiaⁿ lóng-chóng 20 thiaⁿ. Goân-pún thiaⁿ ē-kha ê chhut-tiuⁿ-só͘ iā hòe-tû, choân Tâi kái chòe thiaⁿ ē-kha thóng-hat chi-thiaⁿ, chi-thiaⁿ ē-kha hām ke-chng-siā-hiong chi-kan siat-tì hú-chō hêng-chèng ki-koan khu. 1904 nî oân-sêng choân Tâi thó͘-tē tiau-cha, chū-jiân-chhun téng-kip ê ke-chng-siā-hiong hō͘ tōa-liōng chéng-pēng, chiâⁿ-chòe ū kài-sòaⁿ ê hêng-chèng-chhun. 1909 nî kā 20 thiaⁿ pēng chòe 12 thiaⁿ, iā kā khu kái chòe chèng-sek ê hêng-chèng-khu.
Chiu, thiaⁿ sî-kî
1920 nî kā tû-liáu Hoa-Tang 2 thiaⁿ í-gōa ê só͘-chāi si̍t-si hām Ji̍t-pún lāi-tē ê koān lūi-sū ê chiu-chè (州制), chiu ē-kha ū kūn (郡) kap chhī (市), kūn ē-kha ū ke (街) kap chng (庄), chhī-ke-chng ē-kha ū tōa-jī, ū-ê tōa-jī ē-kha koh ū sió-jī; choân Tâi-oân lóng-chóng ū 5 chiu 2 thiaⁿ: Tâi-pak-chiu, Sin-tek-chiu, Tâi-tiong-chiu, Tâi-lâm-chiu, Ko-hiông-chiu, Tâi-tang-thiaⁿ, Hoa-liân-káng-thiaⁿ. Chhú-gōa, iā chèng-sek kā hoan-tē (蕃地) ōe ji̍p koán-hat.
1926 nî Ko-hiông-chiu Phêⁿ-ô͘-kūn seng-keh chòe Phêⁿ-ô͘-thiaⁿ; 1937 nî Hoa-Tang 2 thiaⁿ iā si̍t-si kūn, chhī, ke ,chng ê chè-tō͘.
Ē-tàng chù-ì ê sī, thâu-chêng kúi kái khu-he̍k ê piàn-tōng siong-tong pîn-hoân, ta̍k kái chûn-chāi ê sî-kan lóng bô tn̂g, ah 1920 nî chit pái ê khu-he̍k ōe-hun só͘ chhî-sio̍k ê sî-kan siāng-tn̂g, iā siong-tong thêng-tō͘ éng-hióng tio̍h chiàn-āu Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok Chèng-hú kui-ōe Tâi-oân hêng-chèng-khu.
- 1945 nî 8 goe̍h 31 hō, pan-pò͘ Tâi-oân-séng Hêng-chèng Tióng-koaⁿ Kong-sú Cho͘-chit Tāi-kong. 9 goe̍h 1 hō, Tâi-oân-séng Hêng-chèng Tióng-koaⁿ Kong-sú tī Tiông-khèng sêng-li̍p lîm-sî pān-kong-chhù. 9 goe̍h 20 hō, chèng-sek kong-pò͘ Tâi-oân-séng Hêng-chèng Tióng-koaⁿ Kong-sú Cho͘-chit Tiâu-lē. 10 goe̍h 25 hō, Tâi-oân-séng Hêng-chèng Tióng-koaⁿ Kong-sú khai-sí tī Tâi-oân ūn-chok.
- 1945 nî, Tâi-oân-séng Hêng-chèng Tióng-koaⁿ Kong-sú hun siat 8 ê koān (Tâi-pak, Sin-tek, Tâi-tiong, Tâi-lâm, Ko-hiông, Hoa-liân, Tâi-tang, Phêⁿ-ô͘), 9 ê séng-hat-chhī (Ke-lâng, Tâi-pak, Sin-tek, Tâi-tiong, Chiong-hòa, Ka-gī, Tâi-lâm, Ko-hiông, Pîn-tong) kap 2 ê koān-hat-chhī (Gî-lân, Hoa-liân).
- 1947 nî 4 goe̍h 22 hō, Hêng-chèng-īⁿ hōe-gī koat-gī thiat-siau Tâi-oân-séng Hêng-chèng Tióng-koaⁿ Kong-sú, kái-cho͘ Tâi-oân-séng Chèng-hú.
- 1948 nî, Tang-soa-tó kap Lâm-soa Thài-pêng-tó kái lē-sio̍k tī Hái-lâm Te̍k-pia̍t Hêng-chèng-khu.
- 1949 nî, Tâi-pak-koān Pak-tâu-tìn, Sū-lîm-tìn to̍k-li̍p ti̍t-sio̍k tī Chháu-soaⁿ Koán-lí-kio̍k.
- 1950 nî 8 goe̍h, Tâi-oân-séng ōe chòe Tâi-pak, Ke-lâng, Tâi-tiong, Tâi-lâm, Ko-hiông téng 5 ê séng-hat-chhī, kap Tâi-pak, Gî-lân, Thô-hn̂g, Sin-tek, Biâu-le̍k, Chiong-hòa, Tâi-tiong, Lâm-tâu, Tâi-lâm, Ka-gī, Hûn-lîm, Ko-hiông, Pîn-tong, Tâi-tang, Hoa-liân, Phêⁿ-ô͘ téng 16 ê koān, Chháu-soaⁿ Koán-lí-kio̍k tī 3 goe̍h tāi-seng kái-miâ chòe Iûⁿ-bêng-soaⁿ Koán-lí-kio̍k. Kāng-nî khu-sú hòe-chí, hiong-tìn ti̍t-chiap lē-sio̍k tī koān ē-kha.
- 1956 nî, Tâi-oân-séng Chèng-hú goân-lâi ūi-tī Tâi-pak-chhī, sóa khì kàu Lâm-tâu-koān Tiong-heng Sin-chhun pān-kong.
- 1967 nî, Tâi-pak-chhī kái chòe ti̍t-hat-chhī, 1968 nî la̍p-ji̍p Tâi-pak-koān Pak-tâu, Sū-lîm (Iûⁿ-bêng-soaⁿ Koán-lí-kio̍k), Lāi-ô͘, Lâm-káng, Kéng-bóe, Ba̍k-sa 6 ê hiong-tìn.
- 1973 nî 7 goe̍h, kā Tâi-tiong-koān Hô-pêng-hiong só͘ koán-hat ê Lê-soaⁿ, Pêng-téng 2 ê chhun siat-li̍p Lê-soaⁿ Kiàn-siat Koán-lí-kio̍k.
- 1974 nî 1 goe̍h, Iûⁿ-bêng-soaⁿ Koán-lí-kio̍k thiat-siau.
- 1979 nî 7 goe̍h, Ko-hiông-chhī kái chòe ti̍t-hat-chhī, tông-sî Ko-hiông-koān Sió-káng-tìn kui hō͘ Ko-hiông-chhī. Lēng-gōa, goân sio̍k tī Hái-lâm Te̍k-pia̍t hêng-chèng-khu ê Tang-soa Kûn-tó, Lâm-soa Thài-pêng-tó kap Tiong-chiu-chiau iû Ko-hiông-chhī tāi-koán.
- 1981 nî 3 goe̍h, Lê-soaⁿ Kiàn-siat koán-lí-kio̍k thiat-siau pèng-ji̍p Tâi-tiong-koān.
- 1982 nî 7 goe̍h, Sin-tek, Ka-gī 2 koān-hat-chhī seng-keh chòe séng-hat-chhī; kā goân-lâi sio̍k tī Sin-tek-koān ê Hiong-san-hiong, kui hō͘ Sin-tek-chhī, kái chòe Hiong-san-khu.
- 1998 nî 12 goe̍h, séng chèng-hú cheng-séng (精省) kè-ōe si̍t-si.
- 2007 nî 10 goe̍h 1 hō, Tâi-pak-koān chún ēng pō͘-hūn ti̍t-hat-chhī kui-tēng.
- 2010 nî 12 goe̍h 25 hō, Sin-pak-chhī (goân Tâi-pak-koān), Tâi-tiong-chhī (goân Tâi-tiong koān-chhī ha̍p-pèng), Tâi-lâm-chhī (goân Tâi-lâm koān-chhī ha̍p-pèng), Ko-hiông-chhī (goân Ko-hiông koān-chhī ha̍p-pèng) téng 4 ê ti̍t-hat-chhī sêng-li̍p.
- 2011 nî 1 goe̍h 1 hō, Thô-hn̂g-koān chún ēng pō͘-hūn ti̍t-hat-chhī kui-tēng.[2]
- 2014 nî 12 goe̍h 25 hō, Thô-hn̂g-chhī (goân Thô-hn̂g-koān) ti̍t-hat-chhī sêng-li̍p, hêng-chèng-khu piàn chòe 6 ê ti̍t-hat-chhī, 3 ê chhī, 13 ê koān.
Bô si̍t-hiān ê khu-he̍k chhó-àn
1945 nî 3 goe̍h
| Séng-hat-chhī | It-kip koān | Jī-kip koān | Saⁿ-kip koān |
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
1945 nî 8 goe̍h
| Séng-hat-chhī | Koān | |
|---|---|---|
|
| |
1947 nî 6 goe̍h
Chit sî ê bô si̍t-hiān kè-ōe, kā Tâi-oân hun siat chòe 11 koān 5 séng-hat-chhī. Kè-ōe tiong ê koān-chhī miâ-chheng kap hiān-hêng miâ-chheng tùi-chiàu jû-hā:
- Thô-hn̂g-chhī→Sin-tek-koān
- Sin-tek-koān→Tiông-hong-koān
- Biâu-le̍k-koān→Tek-lâm-koān
- Tâi-tiong-koān→Hong-goân-koān
- Tâi-tiong-chhī→Tiong-chèng-chhī
- Chiong-hòa-koān→Tâi-tiong-koān
- Hûn-lîm-koān→Tiông-khe-koān
- Tâi-lâm-chhī→Sêng-kong-chhī
1949 nî
- Thô-hn̂g-chhī+Sin-tek-koān Ô͘-kháu-hiong, Sin-hong-hiong→Sin-tek-koān
- Sin-tek-chhī+Biâu-lek-koān+Sin-tek-koān→Jîn-hô-koān
- Tâi-tiong-koān→Hong-goân-koān
- Lâm-tâu-koān→Tāi-koan-koān
- Chiong-hòa-koān→Tâi-tiong-koān
- Hûn-lîm-koān→Tiông-khe-koān
1950 nî 7 goe̍h
- Kim-san-hiong, Bān-lí-hiong pēng-ji̍p Ke-lâng-chhī.
- Sin-hong-hiong, Ô͘-kháu-hiong pēng-ji̍p Thô-hn̂g-koān.
- Thong-siau-tìn, Oán-lí-tìn pēng-ji̍p Tâi-tiong-koān, koān-tī siat tī Chheng-chúi-tìn.
- Tāi-lí-hiong, Thài-pêng-hiong, O͘-ji̍t-hiong, Bū-hong-hiong pēng-ji̍p Lâm-tâu-koān.
- Tek-san-tìn, Lo̍k-kok-hiong pēng-ji̍p Hûn-lîm-koān.
- Sì-ô͘-hiong, Goân-chióng-hiong, Kháu-ô͘-hiong, Chúi-nâ-hiong kap Pak-káng-tìn pēng-ji̍p Ka-gī-koān.
- Lâm-chú-khu, Ko-hiông-koān (bô pau-hâm Bí-lông-tìn, La̍k-ku-hiong, Bō͘-lîm-hiong, thô-goân-hiong kap Sam-bîn-hiong) to̍k-li̍p siat Hōng-soaⁿ-koān.
- Sió-káng-hiong pēng-ji̍p Ko-hiông-chhī.
- Bí-lông-tìn, La̍k-ku-hiong, Bō͘-lîm-hiong, thô-goân-hiong kap Sam-bîn-hiong pēng-ji̍p Pîn-tong-koān.
1997 nî
Iû Hêng-chèng-īⁿ Gián-kiù Hoat-tián Khó-he̍k Úi-oân-hōe só͘ hoat-piáu ê bô si̍t-hiān kè-ōe, kā Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok chū-iû tē-khu tong-sî ê 2 séng (Tâi-oân, Hok-kiàn) 2 chhī (Tâi-pak, Ko-hiông) tiông-sin ōe chòe 6 séng 3 chhī 1 te̍k-khu. Lēng-gōa, koān-chhī-kip hêng-chèng-khu hong-bīn iā chò-chhut siong-tong ê tiâu-chéng.
| Kui-ōe ê hêng-chèng-khu | Tùi-èng ê goân-iú hêng-chèng-khu | |
|---|---|---|
| Séng-kip | Koān-kip | |
| Pak-ki-séng | Ke-lâng-chhī | Ke-lâng-chhī ka-siōng Tâi-pak-koān ê Se̍k-chí-chhī, Sūi-hong-tìn, Pêng-khe-tìn, Siang-khe-hiong, Kòng-liâu-hiong. |
| Pak-it-koān | Sam-tiông-chhī, Sin-chng-chhī, Lô͘-chiu-chhī, Tām-chúi-tìn, Gō͘-kó͘-hiong, Nâ-kháu-hiong, Sam-chi-hiong, Chio̍h-mn̂g-hiong, Pat-lí-hiong, Kim-soaⁿ-hiong, Bān-lí-hiong. | |
| Pak-jī-koān | Pang-kiô-chhī, Thô͘-siâⁿ-chhī, Chhiū-nâ-chhī, Eng-ko-tìn, Sam-kiap-tìn. | |
| Pak-sam-koān | Tiong-hô-chhī, Éng-hô-chhī, Sin-tiàm-chhī, Chhim-kheⁿ-hiong, Chio̍h-tēng-hiong, Pîⁿ-nâ-hiong, U-lai-hiong. | |
| Tâi-pak-chhī | Tâi-pak-chhī (bô piàn). | |
| Thô-biâu-séng | Thô-it-koān | Thô-hn̂g-chhī, Pat-tek-chhī, Tāi-khe-tìn, Kū-soaⁿ-hiong, Lô͘-tek-hiong, Tōa-hn̂g-hiong, Ho̍k-heng-hiong. |
| Thô-jī-koān | Tiong-le̍k-chhī, Pêng-tìn-chhī, Iûⁿ-mûi-tìn, Liông-thâm-hiong, Koan-im-hiong, Sin-ok-hiong. | |
| Sin-tek-koān | Sin-tek-chhī, Sin-tek-koān. | |
| Biâu-le̍k-koān | Biâu-le̍k-koān (bô piàn). | |
| Tiong-tâu-séng | tâi-tiong-koān | Hong-goân-chhī, Tang-sì-tìn, Tāi-kah-tìn, Chheng-chúi-tìn, Soa-la̍k-tìn, Gô͘-chhe-tìn, Āu-lí-hiong, Sîn-kóng-hiong, Thâm-chú-hiong, Tāi-ngé-hiong, Sin-siā-hiong, Chio̍h-kng-hiong, Gōa-po͘-hiong, Tāi-an-hiong, Tōa-tō͘-hiong, Liông-chéⁿ-hiong, Hô-pêng-hiong. |
| Chiong-it-koān | Chiong-hòa-chhī, Lo̍k-káng-tìn, Hô-bí-tìn, Sòaⁿ-sai-hiong, Sin-káng-hiong, Hok-heng-hiong, Siù-chúi-hiong, Hoe-tôaⁿ-hiong, Hun-hn̂g-hiong, Tōa-chhun-hiong, Po͘-iâm-hiong. | |
| Chiong-jī-koān | Oân-lîm-tìn, Khe-ô͘-tìn, Tiân-tiong-tìn, Pak-táu-tìn, Jī-lîm-tìn, Po͘-sim-hiong, Éng-chēng-hiong, Siā-thâu-hiong, Jī-chúi-hiong, Chhân-bóe-hiong, Pi-thâu-hiong, Hong-oán-hiong, Tōa-siâⁿ-hiong, Tek-tn̂g-hiong, Khe-chiu-hiong. | |
| Lâm-tâu-koān | Lâm-tâu-koān (bô piàn). | |
| Tâi-tiong-chhī | Tâi-tiong-chhī ka-siōng Tâi-tiong-koān ê Tāi-lí-chhī, Thài-pêng-chhī, Bǔ-hong-hiong, O͘-ji̍t-hiong. | |
| Ka-lâm-séng | Hûn-lîm-koān | Hûn-lîm-koān (bô piàn). |
| Ka-gī-koān | Ka-gī-koān, Ka-gī-chhī. | |
| Lâm-it-koān | Sin-iâⁿ-chhī, Kiâm-chúi-tìn, Pe̍h-hô-tìn, Môa-tāu-tìn, Ka-lí-tìn, Ha̍k-kah-tìn, Liú-iâⁿ-hiong, Āu-piah-hiong, Tong-san-hiong, Ē-iâⁿ-hiong,
La̍k-kah-hiong, Koaⁿ-tiān-hiong, Tōa-lāi-hiong, Sai-káng-hiong, Chhit-kó͘-hiong, Chiong-kun-hiong, Pak-mn̂g-hiong. | |
| Lâm-jī-koān | Éng-khong-chhī, Sin-hòa-tìn, Siān-hòa-tìn, Sin-chhī-hiong, An-tēng-hiong, San-siōng-hiong, Gio̍k-chéⁿ-hiong, Lâm-se-hiong, Lâm-hòa-hiong, Chó-tìn-hiong, Jîn-tek-hiong, Kui-jîn-hiong, Koan-biō-hiong, Liông-kiā-hiong. | |
| Tâi-lâm-chhī | Tâi-lâm-chhī (bô piàn). | |
| Ko-pîn-séng | Ko-it-koān | Hōng-soaⁿ-chhī, Lîm-oân-hiong, Tōa-liâu-hiong, Tōa-chhiū-hiong, Tōa-siā-hiong, Jîn-bú-hiong, Chiáu-chhêng-hiong. |
| Ko-jī-koān | Kong-san-tìn, Kî-san-tìn, Bí-lông-tìn, Kiô-thâu-hiong, Iàn-châu-hiong, Chhân-liâu-hiong, A-lian-hiong, Lō͘-tek-hiong, Ô͘-lāi-hiong, Ka-tiāⁿ-hiong, Éng-an-hiong, Mî-tô-hiong, Chú-koaⁿ-hiong, La̍k-kū-hiong, Kah-sian-hiong, Sam-nâ-hiong, Lāi-mn̂g-hiong, Bō͘-lîm-hiong, Thô-goân-hiong, Sam-bîn-hiong. | |
| Pîn-tong-koān | Pîn-tong-koān (bô piàn). | |
| Phêⁿ-ô͘-koān | Phêⁿ-ô͘-koān (bô piàn). | |
| Ko-hiông-chhī | Ko-hiông-chhī (bô piàn). | |
| Hoa-tong-séng | Gî-lân-koān | Gî-lân-koān (bô piàn). |
| Hoa-liân-koān | Hoa-liân-koān (bô piàn). | |
| Tâi-tang-koān | Tâi-tang-koān (bô piàn). | |
| Kim-má Te̍k-pia̍t Hêng-chèng-khu | Kim-mn̂g-koān | Kim-mn̂g-koān (bô piàn). |
| Má-chó͘-koān | Liân-kang-koān. | |
|
Chù 1: Pak-ki-séng, Thô-biâu-séng, Tiong-tâu-séng, Ka-lâm-séng, Ko-pîn-séng, Hoa-tong-séng téng 6 ê séng-hūn ê miâ lóng bī-tēng. | ||
Bī-lâi kui-ōe kiâⁿ-hiòng
In-ūi le̍k-sú ê in-sò͘, bo̍k-chiân Hok-kiàn-séng kap Tâi-oân-séng ê hoān-ûi ū chin tōa ê chha-kī, chi̍t ê sī chí-ū Kim-mn̂g kap Má-chó͘ tē-khu, lēng-gōa sī chiàm choân-kok hui-siông tōa pí-lē. Jî-chhiáⁿ 2 ê séng lóng í-keng hi-kip-hòa (虛級化), bo̍k-chiân iû Hêng-chèng-īⁿ kap Khu-he̍k Liân-ha̍p Tiong-sim hū-chek. Lēng-gōa, tī Ngó͘-to͘ (五都) kui-ōe liáu-āu, chu-goân iu-goân chi̍p-tiong chāi Tâi-pak kap Sin-pak 2 to͘, put-lī tiong-pō͘ tē-khu ê hoat-tián; koān-chhī ōe-hun kap jîn-kháu hun-pò͘ bô ha̍h, tì-sú si-chèng khiàm chéng-thé ê kui-ōe.
Tī chit-má 5 to͘ 12 koān chìn-chêng, put-sî ū-lâng thê-chhut kok-chióng ê kái-chè hong-àn, chia̍p-khòaⁿ--ê ū koān-chhī ha̍p-pèng seng-keh, Sam-to͘ Si̍p-ngó͘-koān (三都十五縣), Sù-séng Lióng-te̍k Siang-siú-to͘ (四省兩特雙首都) kap Lio̍k-seng Kè-ōe (六星計畫). To-sò͘ ê gī-tê lóng pau-hâm khok-tāi Tâi-pak-chhī, Tâi-tiong-chhī, Ko-hiông-chhī hêng-chèng-khu kap Tâi-tiong-chhī seng-keh téng sò͘-kiû, tān-sī in-ūi hêng-chèng-khu tiâu-chéng khan-sia̍p tio̍h hêng-chèng-khu tiông-ōe, ī-soàn hun-phòe, chhú-siau pō͘-hūn hiong-tìn-chhī soán-kí, tē-hng-sèng soán-kí tiâu-chéng téng gī-tê, éng-hióng chân-bīn siūⁿ tōa. Che iā hoán-èng chhut hêng-chèng-khu kui-ōe khiàm su-khó, bô-lūn hoàn-lâm ia̍h hoàn-le̍k tīn-iâⁿ lóng ū thàm-thó chit-ê būn-tê ê siaⁿ-lōng.
2012 nî Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok chóng-thóng soán-kí, Chhòa Eng-bûn chi-chhî Sin-tek-koān-chhī ha̍p-pèng, Ka-gī-koān-chhī ha̍p-pèng, jīn-ûi che sī pí-kàu ū li̍p-chek-sèng ê su-kiû, ē-tàng chò-ûi iu-sian khó-lī ê hāng-bo̍k.
中華民國內政部前部長李鴻源認為臺灣的縣和市劃分得太小，地方政府人力、能力普遍不足，導致縣市政府根本沒有能力解決該解決的問題。他指出目前地方制度設計的思維很怪，以為臺灣是個大國，所以才會分那麼多縣市，讓地方資源、人力都分散了，而中央和地方的人力、資源又重疊，他主張應該以五都為核心，合併周邊縣市，提升地方政府的規模和解決問題的能力，將臺灣劃分為五個大行政區，在北部、中部、南部、東部和中央山脈原住民保留區，各自成立一個大行政區[3]。中華民國前內政部長李鴻源初步規劃，將現有的五都直轄市，再和周邊縣市整併成六個直轄市，劃分成北基宜市、桃竹苗市、中彰投市、雲嘉南市、高屏澎湖市、花東市。另外，現行的368個鄉鎮市區，也可能整併成150個，人口較多的鄉鎮市區（20萬以上），升格成縣級市，臺灣大約有50至76縣級市，例如新北市板橋區再升格成板橋市（縣級）[4]。
Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok chiân chóng-thóng Lí Teng-hui jīn-ûi, 6 to͘ 16 koān-chhī ê hiān-chōng èng-kai tiông-sin tiâu-chéng chòe "7 tōa khu-he̍k", kok khu-he̍k chiàu in pún-sin chu-goân ê te̍k-sek, éng-sio̍k hoat-tián kui-ōe. I chú-tiuⁿ Tâi-pak-chhī, Sin-pak-chhī, Ke-lâng-chhī, Gî-lân-koān ha̍p-pèng chòe 1 khu; Thô-hn̂g-chhī, Sin-tek-chhī, Sin-tek-koān, Biâu-le̍k-koān ha̍p-pèng chòe 1 khu; Tâi-tiong-chhī, Chiong-hòa-koān, Lâm-tâu-koān ha̍p-pèng chòe 1 khu; Hûn-lîm-koān, Ka-gī-chhī, Ka-gī-koān, Tâi-lâm-chhī ha̍p-pèng chòe 1 khu; Ko-hiông-chhī, Pîn-tong-koān ha̍p-pèng chòe 1 khu; Hoa-liân-koān, Tâi-tang-koān ha̍p-pèng chòe 1 khu; Phêⁿ-ô͘-koān, Kim-mn̂g-koān, Má-chó͘ Lia̍t-tó téng lī-tó ha̍p-pèng chòe 1 khu; choân Tâi-oân hun chòe 7 tōa khu-he̍k.[5]
Li̍p-hoat úi-oân Tân Bêng-bûn kiàn-gī Tâi-oân choân-kok èng-kai chéng-pèng chòe 7 tōa ti̍t-hat-chhī, Pak-Pak-Ki-Gî chéng-pèng chòe chi̍t ê ti̍t-hat-chhī, Thô-Tek-Biâu chéng-pèng chòe chi̍t ê ti̍t-hat-chhī, Tiong-Chiong-Tâu chéng-pèng chòe chi̍t ê ti̍t-hat-chhī, Hûn-Ka-Ka chéng-pèng chòe chi̍t ê ti̍t-hat-chhī, Lâm-Ko-Pîn chéng-pèng chòe chi̍t ê ti̍t-hat-chhī, Phêⁿ-Kim-Má chéng-pèng chòe chi̍t ê ti̍t-hat-chhī, choân-kok èng-kai it-tì-sèng ê hêng-chèng khu-ōe, chiah ū hoat-tō͘ sok-sió siâⁿ-hiong tiong-kan ê lo̍h-chha, tài-tōng Tâi-oân choân-bīn ê hoat-tián.[6]
Sam-to͘ Si̍p-ngó͘-koān, Lio̍k-seng Kè-ōe, Sù-siú Lióng-te̍k Siang-kok-to͘, Ngó͘-to͘ Ngó͘-khu
| Sam-to͘ | Si̍p-ngó͘-koān |
|---|---|
|
2008年中華民國總統選舉候選人謝長廷認為各縣市的國際能見度都很低，依各地的行政區編制，地方的人才和能力也不足，主張將臺灣分成六大地區（省或州），國土重劃與改造成六個大區（北北基、桃竹苗、中彰投、雲嘉南、高高屏、宜花東），可取名為州或省，再依各個區域不同的特性和特色進行適合各地區的開發發展計畫。六個區域均衡發展，臺灣等於就有六個新加坡的競爭力，再加上澎金馬合併為離島特區（特別行政區），臺灣的國際競爭力才能大幅地躍升。 |
| 前中華民國副總統呂秀蓮提出「四省兩特雙首都」主張，強調這是多次會議後做出的結論，「不是選舉主張」。是以河川流域劃分為北、中、南、東四個行省，設置高山與離島兩個特別行政區；大臺北與大高雄則為雙首都。 |
| 五都 | 五區 |
|---|---|
| 2012年中華民國總統選舉候選人宋楚瑜主張將臺灣分成十大行政區，即是五都和五區。 | |
Khu-he̍k liân-ha̍p tī-lí
Tiong-hôa Bîn-kok tē-14 jīm chóng-thóng Chhòa Eng-bûn só͘ thê-chhut ê chú-tiuⁿ, bo̍k-tek sī beh hō͘ tē-hng "tōa-hàn", tiong-iong pàng-khoân, tiâu-chéng tiong-iong tē-hng khoân-chek kap châi-goân hun-phòe, lâi thê-ko kok-ka châi-chèng sú-iōng hāu-lu̍t.
| 7 khu |
|---|
|
Chham-khó bûn-hiàn
Ín-iōng
- ↑ 劉寧顏編，《重修臺灣省通志》 Archived 2006-09-11 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ 100年元旦 桃園縣升準直轄市
- ↑ 將掌內政部 李鴻源:推動國土規劃 Archived 2015-05-31 at the Wayback Machine.
- ↑ 國土新規劃 鄉鎮市擬合併升格
- ↑ 李登輝：國土重新規劃7區域[íng-íng bô-hāu ê liân-kiat]
- ↑ 縣市合併議題燒 陳明文：全國應併為7大直轄市
Lâi-goân
- Chheh
- 劉寧顏 編：《重修臺灣省通志》，臺北市：臺灣省文獻委員會，1994年。
- 施亞軒：《臺灣的行政區變遷》，臺北：遠足文化出版社，2003年。